Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/java_omega' into java_omega

# Conflicts:
#	core/build.gradle

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/DhApi.java

@@ -60,16 +60,15 @@ public class DhApi
 	 * 
 	 * Note: Don't use this string in your code. It may change and is only for reference.
 	 */
-	public static final String READ_ME = 
+	public static final String READ_ME =
-			"If you don't see Javadocs something is wrong. \n" +
+			"""
-			"If you are only using the full DH Mod in your build script, you won't have access to our javadocs and could potentially call into unsafe code. \n" +
+			If you don't see Javadocs something is wrong.
-			"\n" +
+			If you are only using the full DH Mod in your build script, you won't have access to our javadocs and could potentially call into unsafe code.
-			"Please use the API jar in your build script as a compile time dependency " +
+			
-			"and the full DH jar as a runtime dependency. \n" +
+			Please use the API jar in your build script as a compile time dependency and the full DH jar as a runtime dependency.
-			"\n" +
+			
-			"Please refer to the example API project or the DH Developer Wiki for additional information " +
+			Please refer to the example API project or the DH Developer Wiki for additional information and suggested setup.
-			"and suggested setup. \n" + // DH Dev note: no links were included to prevent link rot. 
+			"""; // DH Dev note: no links were included to prevent link rot. 
-			"";
 	public static String readMe() { return READ_ME; }
 	
 	/**

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/enums/EDhApiDetailLevel.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums;
  * CHUNK  - Detail Level: 4, width 16 block, <br>
  * REGION - Detail Level: 9, width 512 block <br> <br>
  *
- * Detail levels in Distant Horizons represent how large a LOD
+ * Detail levels in Distant Horizons represent how large a section (of either LODs or MC chunks)
  * is, with the smallest being 0 (1 block wide). <br>
  * The width of a detail level can be calculated by putting the detail level to the power of 2. <br>
  * Example for the chunk detail level (4): 2^4 = 16 blocks wide <Br><br>

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/enums/config/EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.java

@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@ package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config;
  * AUTO, 					<br>
  * BUFFER_STORAGE, 			<br>
  * SUB_DATA, 				<br>
+ * BUFFER_MAPPING, 			<br>
  * DATA						<br>
  *
  * @author Leetom
  * @author James Seibel
  * @version 2024-4-6
- * @since API 3.0.0
+ * @since API 2.0.0
  */
 public enum EDhApiGpuUploadMethod
 {
@@ -48,10 +49,7 @@ public enum EDhApiGpuUploadMethod
 	 * May end up storing buffers in System memory. <br>
 	 * Fast rending if in GPU memory, slow if in system memory, <br>
 	 * but won't stutter when uploading.
-	 * 
-	 * @deprecated not currently supported
 	 */
-	@Deprecated
 	BUFFER_MAPPING(true, false),
 	
 	/** Fast rendering but may stutter when uploading. */

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/enums/rendering/EDhApiBlockMaterial.java

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering;
  * AIR, <br>
  * ILLUMINATED, <br>
  * 
- * @author IMS
  * @author James Seibel
  * @since API 3.0.0
  * @version 2024-7-11

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/enums/rendering/EDhApiDebugRendering.java

@@ -56,34 +56,23 @@ public enum EDhApiDebugRendering
 	
 	public static EDhApiDebugRendering next(EDhApiDebugRendering type)
 	{
-		switch (type)
+        return switch (type) {
-		{
+            case OFF -> SHOW_DETAIL;
-			case OFF:
+            case SHOW_DETAIL -> SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL;
-				return SHOW_DETAIL;
+            case SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL -> SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS;
-			case SHOW_DETAIL:
+            case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS -> SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG;
-				return SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL;
+            default -> OFF;
-			case SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL:
+        };
-				return SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS;
-			case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS:
-				return SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG;
-			default:
-				return OFF;
-		}
 	}
 	
 	public static EDhApiDebugRendering previous(EDhApiDebugRendering type)
 	{
-		switch (type)
+        return switch (type) {
-		{
+            case OFF -> SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG;
-			case OFF:
+            case SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG -> SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS;
-				return SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG;
+            case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS -> SHOW_DETAIL;
-			case SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG:
+            default -> OFF;
-				return SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS;
+        };
-			case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS:
-				return SHOW_DETAIL;
-			default:
-				return OFF;
-		}
 	}
 	
 }

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/enums/rendering/EDhApiRendererMode.java

@@ -42,29 +42,21 @@ public enum EDhApiRendererMode
 	/** Used by the config GUI to cycle through the available rendering options */
 	public static EDhApiRendererMode next(EDhApiRendererMode type)
 	{
-		switch (type)
+        return switch (type) {
-		{
+            case DEFAULT -> DEBUG;
-			case DEFAULT:
+            case DEBUG -> DISABLED;
-				return DEBUG;
+            default -> DEFAULT;
-			case DEBUG:
+        };
-				return DISABLED;
-			default:
-				return DEFAULT;
-		}
 	}
 	
 	/** Used by the config GUI to cycle through the available rendering options */
 	public static EDhApiRendererMode previous(EDhApiRendererMode type)
 	{
-		switch (type)
+        return switch (type) {
-		{
+            case DEFAULT -> DISABLED;
-			case DEFAULT:
+            case DEBUG -> DEFAULT;
-				return DISABLED;
+            default -> DEBUG;
-			case DEBUG:
+        };
-				return DEFAULT;
-			default:
-				return DEBUG;
-		}
 	}
 	
 }

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/block/IDhApiBlockStateWrapper.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.block;
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.IDhApiUnsafeWrapper;
 
 /**
@@ -45,11 +44,7 @@ public interface IDhApiBlockStateWrapper extends IDhApiUnsafeWrapper
 	 * @since API 3.0.0 
 	 */
 	String getSerialString();
-	/**
+	/** @since API 3.0.0 */
-	 * Returns the byte value representing the {@link EDhApiBlockMaterial} enum.
-	 * @see EDhApiBlockMaterial 
-	 * @since API 3.0.0 
-	 */
 	byte getMaterialId();
 	
 }

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/config/IDhApiConfig.java

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ public interface IDhApiConfig
 	IDhApiWorldGenerationConfig worldGenerator();
 	IDhApiMultiplayerConfig multiplayer();
 	IDhApiMultiThreadingConfig multiThreading();
+	IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig gpuBuffers();
 	// note: DON'T add the Auto Updater to this API. We only want the user's to have the ability to control when things are downloaded to their machines.
 	//IDhApiLoggingConfig logging(); // TODO implement
 	IDhApiDebuggingConfig debugging();

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/config/client/IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ *    This file is part of the Distant Horizons mod
+ *    licensed under the GNU LGPL v3 License.
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020-2023 James Seibel
+ *
+ *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.config.client;
+
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiGpuUploadMethod;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.config.IDhApiConfigGroup;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.config.IDhApiConfigValue;
+
+/**
+ * Distant Horizons' OpenGL buffer configuration.
+ *
+ * @author James Seibel
+ * @version 2023-6-14
+ * @since API 1.0.0
+ */
+public interface IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig extends IDhApiConfigGroup
+{
+	
+	/** Defines how geometry data is uploaded to the GPU. */
+	IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiGpuUploadMethod> gpuUploadMethod();
+	
+	/**
+	 * Defines how long we should wait after uploading one
+	 * Megabyte of geometry data to the GPU before uploading
+	 * the next Megabyte of data. <br>
+	 * This can be set to a non-zero number to reduce stuttering caused by
+	 * uploading buffers to the GPU.
+	 */
+	IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> gpuUploadPerMegabyteInMilliseconds();
+	
+}

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/override/worldGenerator/IDhApiWorldGenerator.java

@@ -90,29 +90,11 @@ public interface IDhApiWorldGenerator extends Closeable, IDhApiOverrideable
 	 */
 	default byte getMaxGenerationGranularity() { return (byte) (EDhApiDetailLevel.CHUNK.detailLevel + 2); }
 	
-	/**
-	 * Starting in API 3.0.0 DH now handles future queuing/management internally. <br><br>
-	 * 
-	 * Previous description: <br>
-	 * true if the generator is unable to accept new generation requests. <br>
-	 * 
-	 * @since API 1.0.0
-	 * @deprecated API 3.0.0
-	 */
-	@Deprecated
-	default boolean isBusy() { return false; }
-	
 	/** 
-	 * Only used if {@link #getReturnType()} returns {@link EDhApiWorldGeneratorReturnType#API_CHUNKS}. <Br> 
+	 * @return true if the generator is unable to accept new generation requests.
-	 * If true DH will run additional validation on the {@link DhApiChunk}'s returned. <Br>
+	 * @since API 1.0.0
-	 * This should be disabled during release but should be enabled during development to help spot issues with your data format.
-	 * 
-	 * @see #getReturnType()
-	 * @see DhApiChunk
-	 * @see EDhApiWorldGeneratorReturnType#API_CHUNKS
-	 * @since API 3.0.0
 	 */
-	default boolean runApiChunkValidation() { return true; }
+	boolean isBusy();
 	
 	
 	

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/render/IDhApiRenderProxy.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.DhApiResult;
  * Used to interact with Distant Horizons' rendering system.
  *
  * @author James Seibel
- * @version 2024-7-27
+ * @version 2023-10-13
  * @since API 1.0.0
  */
 public interface IDhApiRenderProxy
@@ -39,8 +39,10 @@ public interface IDhApiRenderProxy
 	 * If this is called on a dedicated server it won't do anything and will return {@link DhApiResult#success} = false <Br><Br>
 	 *
 	 * Background: <Br>
-	 * When rendering Distant Horizons bakes each block's color into the geometry that's rendered. <Br>
+	 * Distant Horizons has two different file formats: Full data and Render data. <Br>
-	 * This improves rendering speed and VRAM size, but prevents dynamically changing LOD colors. <Br>
+	 * - Full data files store the block, biome, etc. information and is the result of loading or generating new chunks. <Br>
+	 * - Render data files store LOD colors and are created using the Full data and currently loaded resource packs. <Br>
+	 * This is the data cleared by this method.
 	 */
 	DhApiResult<Boolean> clearRenderDataCache();
 	

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/interfaces/world/IDhApiLevelWrapper.java

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.render.IDhApiCustomRenderRegist
  * A level is equivalent to a dimension in vanilla Minecraft.
  *
  * @author James Seibel
- * @version 2024-7-28
+ * @version 2022-7-14
  * @since API 1.0.0
  */
 public interface IDhApiLevelWrapper extends IDhApiUnsafeWrapper
@@ -41,18 +41,7 @@ public interface IDhApiLevelWrapper extends IDhApiUnsafeWrapper
 	
 	boolean hasSkyLight();
 	
-	/** 
+	/** Returns the max block height of the level(?) */
-	 * Deprecated, use {@link IDhApiLevelWrapper#getMaxHeight} instead. <br>
-	 * Returns the max block height of the level.
-	 * 
-	 * @see IDhApiLevelWrapper#getMaxHeight
-	 */
-	@Deprecated
-	default int getHeight() { return this.getMaxHeight(); }
-	/** 
-	 * Returns the max block height of the level 
-	 * @since API 3.0.0 
-	 */
 	int getMaxHeight();
 	
 	/**
@@ -64,8 +53,6 @@ public interface IDhApiLevelWrapper extends IDhApiUnsafeWrapper
 	/** 
 	 * Will return null if called on the server,
 	 * or if called before the renderer has been set up.
-	 * 
-	 * @since API 3.0.0
 	 */
 	IDhApiCustomRenderRegister getRenderRegister();
 	

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/objects/DhApiResult.java

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ public class DhApiResult<T>
 	
 	
 	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createSuccess() { return new DhApiResult<>(true, ""); }
-	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createSuccess(Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<Pt>(true, "", payload); }
+	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createSuccess(Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<>(true, "", payload); }
 	// There is no createSuccess(String message) method because it would be too easy to confuse with createSuccess(Pt payload) when returning null
-	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createSuccess(String message, Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<Pt>(true, message, payload); }
+	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createSuccess(String message, Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<>(true, message, payload); }
 	
 	// there is no createFail() since all fail results should give a reason for their failure
 	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createFail(String message) { return new DhApiResult<>(false, message); }
-	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createFail(String message, Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<Pt>(false, message, payload); }
+	public static <Pt> DhApiResult<Pt> createFail(String message, Pt payload) { return new DhApiResult<>(false, message, payload); }
 	
 }

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/objects/data/DhApiChunk.java

@@ -21,10 +21,8 @@ package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.data;
 
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.factories.IDhApiWrapperFactory;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.override.worldGenerator.IDhApiWorldGenerator;
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
@@ -54,27 +52,7 @@ public class DhApiChunk
 	// constructors //
 	//==============//
 	
-	/** 
+	public DhApiChunk(int chunkPosX, int chunkPosZ, int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos) 
-	 * Deprecated due to the topYBlockPos and bottomYBlockPos variables being put in the wrong order. 
-	 * They should have been in bottom -> top order. 
-	 * 
-	 * @see DhApiChunk#create(int, int, int, int) 
-	 */
-	@Deprecated
-	public DhApiChunk(int chunkPosX, int chunkPosZ, int topYBlockPos, int bottomYBlockPos) 
-	{ this(chunkPosX, chunkPosZ, bottomYBlockPos, topYBlockPos, false); }
-	
-	/**
-	 * @since API 3.0.0 
-	 */
-	public static DhApiChunk create(int chunkPosX, int chunkPosZ, int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos)
-	{ return new DhApiChunk(chunkPosX, chunkPosZ, bottomYBlockPos, topYBlockPos, false); }
-	
-	/** 
-	 * Only visible to internal DH methods 
-	 * @param ignoredParameter is only present to differentiate the two constructors and isn't actually used
-	 */
-	private DhApiChunk(int chunkPosX, int chunkPosZ, int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos, boolean ignoredParameter)
 	{
 		this.chunkPosX = chunkPosX;
 		this.chunkPosZ = chunkPosZ;
@@ -116,34 +94,27 @@ public class DhApiChunk
 	 */
 	public void setDataPoints(int relX, int relZ, List<DhApiTerrainDataPoint> dataPoints) throws IndexOutOfBoundsException, IllegalArgumentException
 	{
-		//==================//
-		// basic validation //
-		//==================//
-		
-		// heavier validation is done in the world generator if requested
-		
-		int internalArrayIndex = (relZ << 4) | relX;
 		throwIfRelativePosOutOfBounds(relX, relZ);
 		
-		if (dataPoints == null)
+		// validate the incoming datapoints
+		if (dataPoints != null)
 		{
-			// we don't allow null columns
+			for (int i = 0; i < dataPoints.size(); i++) // standard for-loop used instead of an enhanced for-loop to slightly reduce GC overhead due to iterator allocation
-			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null columns aren't allowed. If you want to remove all data from a column please clear the list or pass in an empty list.");
+			{
+				DhApiTerrainDataPoint dataPoint = dataPoints.get(i);
+				if (dataPoint == null)
+				{
+					throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null DhApiTerrainDataPoints are not allowed. If you want to represent empty terrain, please use AIR.");
+				}
+				
+				if (dataPoint.detailLevel != 0)
+				{
+					throw new IllegalArgumentException("DhApiTerrainDataPoints has the wrong detail level ["+dataPoint.detailLevel+"], all data points must be block sized; IE their detail level must be [0].");
+				}
+			}
 		}
 		
-		
+		this.dataPoints.set((relZ << 4) | relX, dataPoints); 
-		
-		//================//
-		// set datapoints //
-		//================//
-		
-		List<DhApiTerrainDataPoint> column = this.dataPoints.get(internalArrayIndex);
-		if (column == null)
-		{
-			column = new ArrayList<>();
-			this.dataPoints.set(internalArrayIndex, column);
-		}
-		column.addAll(dataPoints); 
 	}
 	
 	

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/api/objects/data/DhApiTerrainDataPoint.java

@@ -19,12 +19,9 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.data;
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.EDhApiDetailLevel;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.block.IDhApiBiomeWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.block.IDhApiBlockStateWrapper;
 
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-
 /**
  * Holds a single datapoint of terrain data.
  *
@@ -40,8 +37,6 @@ public class DhApiTerrainDataPoint
 	 * 2 = 4x4 blocks <br>
 	 * 4 = chunk (16x16 blocks) <br>
 	 * 9 = region (512x512 blocks) <br>
-	 * 
-	 * @see EDhApiDetailLevel
 	 */
 	public final byte detailLevel;
 	
@@ -55,57 +50,7 @@ public class DhApiTerrainDataPoint
 	
 	
 	
-	//==============//
+	public DhApiTerrainDataPoint(byte detailLevel, int blockLightLevel, int skyLightLevel, int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos, IDhApiBlockStateWrapper blockStateWrapper, IDhApiBiomeWrapper biomeWrapper)
-	// constructors //
-	//==============//
-	
-	/**
-	 * Deprecated due to the topYBlockPos and bottomYBlockPos variables being put in the wrong order. 
-	 * They should have been in bottom -> top order. 
-	 *
-	 * @see DhApiTerrainDataPoint#create(byte, int, int, int, int, IDhApiBlockStateWrapper, IDhApiBiomeWrapper) 
-	 */
-	@Deprecated
-	public DhApiTerrainDataPoint(
-			byte detailLevel, 
-			int blockLightLevel, int skyLightLevel, 
-			int topYBlockPos, int bottomYBlockPos, 
-			IDhApiBlockStateWrapper blockStateWrapper, IDhApiBiomeWrapper biomeWrapper)
-	{
-		this(detailLevel, blockLightLevel, skyLightLevel,
-			bottomYBlockPos, topYBlockPos,
-			blockStateWrapper, biomeWrapper, 
-			false);
-	}
-	
-	/**
-	 * @since API 3.0.0 
-	 */
-	public static DhApiTerrainDataPoint create(
-			byte detailLevel,
-			int blockLightLevel, int skyLightLevel,
-			int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos,
-			IDhApiBlockStateWrapper blockStateWrapper, IDhApiBiomeWrapper biomeWrapper
-		)
-	{ 
-		return new DhApiTerrainDataPoint(
-			detailLevel, blockLightLevel, skyLightLevel,
-			bottomYBlockPos, topYBlockPos,
-			blockStateWrapper, biomeWrapper,
-			false); 
-	}
-	
-	/**
-	 * Only visible to internal DH methods 
-	 * @param ignoredParameter is only present to differentiate the two constructors and isn't actually used
-	 */
-	private DhApiTerrainDataPoint(
-			byte detailLevel,
-			int blockLightLevel, int skyLightLevel,
-			int bottomYBlockPos, int topYBlockPos,
-			IDhApiBlockStateWrapper blockStateWrapper, IDhApiBiomeWrapper biomeWrapper,
-			boolean ignoredParameter
-		)
 	{
 		this.detailLevel = detailLevel;
 		

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/coreapi/DependencyInjection/ApiEventInjector.java

@@ -163,9 +163,8 @@ public class ApiEventInjector extends DependencyInjector<IDhApiEvent> implements
 					DhApiEventParam<T> eventParam = createEventParamWrapper(event, input);
 					event.fireEvent(eventParam);
 					
-					if (eventParam instanceof DhApiCancelableEventParam)
+					if (eventParam instanceof DhApiCancelableEventParam<T> cancelableEventParam)
 					{
-						DhApiCancelableEventParam<T> cancelableEventParam = (DhApiCancelableEventParam<T>) eventParam;
 						cancelEvent |= cancelableEventParam.isEventCanceled();
 					}
 					

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/coreapi/DependencyInjection/DependencyInjector.java

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public class DependencyInjector<BindableType extends IBindable> implements IDepe
 		// make sure the hashSet has an array to hold the dependency
 		if (!this.dependencies.containsKey(dependencyInterface))
 		{
-			this.dependencies.put(dependencyInterface, new ArrayList<BindableType>());
+			this.dependencies.put(dependencyInterface, new ArrayList<>());
 		}
 		
 		// add the dependency
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public class DependencyInjector<BindableType extends IBindable> implements IDepe
 	@Override
 	public <T extends BindableType> T get(Class<T> interfaceClass) throws ClassCastException
 	{
-		return (T) this.getInternalLogic(interfaceClass, false).get(0);
+		return (T) this.getInternalLogic(interfaceClass, false).getFirst();
 	}
 	
 	@Override
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public class DependencyInjector<BindableType extends IBindable> implements IDepe
 	@Override
 	public <T extends BindableType> T get(Class<T> interfaceClass, boolean allowIncompleteDependencies) throws ClassCastException
 	{
-		return (T) this.getInternalLogic(interfaceClass, allowIncompleteDependencies).get(0);
+		return (T) this.getInternalLogic(interfaceClass, allowIncompleteDependencies).getFirst();
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public class DependencyInjector<BindableType extends IBindable> implements IDepe
 		
 		
 		// return an empty list to prevent null pointers
-		ArrayList<T> emptyList = new ArrayList<T>();
+		ArrayList<T> emptyList = new ArrayList<>();
 		emptyList.add(null);
 		return emptyList;
 	}

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/coreapi/DependencyInjection/OverridePriorityListContainer.java

@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ public class OverridePriorityListContainer implements IBindable
 		else
 		{
 			// last item should have the highest priority
-			return this.overridePairList.get(this.overridePairList.size() - 1).override;
+			return this.overridePairList.getLast().override;
 		}
 	}
 	public IDhApiOverrideable getOverrideWithHighestPriority()
 	{
 		if (this.overridePairList.size() != 0)
 		{
-			return this.overridePairList.get(0).override;
+			return this.overridePairList.getFirst().override;
 		}
 		else
 		{

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/coreapi/ModInfo.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public final class ModInfo
 	public static final String NAME = "DistantHorizons";
 	/** Human-readable version of NAME */
 	public static final String READABLE_NAME = "Distant Horizons";
-	public static final String VERSION = "2.2.0-a";
+	public static final String VERSION = "2.1.3-a-dev";
 	/** Returns true if the current build is an unstable developer build, false otherwise. */
 	public static boolean IS_DEV_BUILD = VERSION.toLowerCase().contains("dev");
 	

api/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/coreapi/util/StringUtil.java

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 
 /**
  * Miscellaneous string helper functions.
+ *
+ * @author James Seibel
+ * @version 2022-7-19
  */
 public class StringUtil
 {
-	private static final char[] HEX_ARRAY = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
-	
-	
 	/**
 	 * Returns the n-th index of the given string. <br> <br>
 	 *
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ public class StringUtil
 		return stringBuilder.toString();
 	}
 	
+	
+	private static final char[] HEX_ARRAY = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
 	/**
 	 * Converts the given byte array into a hex string representation. <br>
 	 * source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/9855338
@@ -83,20 +85,4 @@ public class StringUtil
 		return new String(hexChars);
 	}
 	
-	/**
-	 * Returns a shortened version of the given string that is no longer than maxLength. <br>
-	 * If null returns the empty string.
-	 */
-	public static String shortenString(String str, int maxLength)
-	{
-		if (str == null)
-		{
-			return "";
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return str.substring(0, Math.min(str.length(), maxLength));
-		}
-	}
-	
 }

core/build.gradle

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ application {
 }
 
 configurations {
-    shadowedArtifact // Used by DH to specify that we want to implement the shadowed core JAR file instead of the regular JAR file
+    downgradedArtifact // Used by DH to specify that we want to implement the shadowed core JAR file instead of the regular JAR file
     shade
     implementation.extendsFrom shade
 }
@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ dependencies { // All of these dependencies are in Vanilla Minecraft, but we nee
     runtimeOnly "org.lwjgl:lwjgl-opengl::$lwjglNatives"
     runtimeOnly "org.lwjgl:lwjgl-stb::$lwjglNatives"
     runtimeOnly "org.lwjgl:lwjgl-tinyfd::$lwjglNatives"
-
+    implementation "org.joml:joml:${rootProject.joml_version}"
-    // FIXME for some reason this line doesn't actually shade in the library
-//    shade "it.unimi.dsi:fastutil:${rootProject.fastutil_version}" // Add our own fastutil version
 
 
     // Some other dependencies
@@ -49,15 +47,8 @@ dependencies { // All of these dependencies are in Vanilla Minecraft, but we nee
     implementation("com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2")
     implementation("com.google.common:google-collect:0.5")
     implementation("com.google.guava:guava:31.1-jre")
-    
 }
 
 artifacts {
-    shadowedArtifact shadowJar // Setup the configuration shadowedArtifact to be the shadowJar
+    downgradedArtifact shadeDowngradedApi // Setup the configuration downgradedArtifact to be the `shadeDowngradedApi` which downgrades the core to a specified Java version
-}
-
-shadowJar {
-    def librariesLocation = "DistantHorizons.libraries"
-//    relocate "it.unimi.dsi.fastutil", "${librariesLocation}.unimi.dsi.fastutil"
-    mergeServiceFiles()
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/DhApiConfig.java

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ public class DhApiConfig implements IDhApiConfig
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiMultiThreadingConfig multiThreading() { return DhApiMultiThreadingConfig.INSTANCE; }
 	@Override
+	public IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig gpuBuffers() { return DhApiGpuBuffersConfig.INSTANCE; }
+	@Override
 	public IDhApiDebuggingConfig debugging() { return DhApiDebuggingConfig.INSTANCE; }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiAmbientOcclusionConfig.java

@@ -35,30 +35,30 @@ public class DhApiAmbientOcclusionConfig implements IDhApiAmbientOcclusionConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> enabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.enabled); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.enabled); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> sampleCount()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.sampleCount); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.sampleCount); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> radius()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.radius); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.radius); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> strength()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.strength); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.strength); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> bias()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.bias); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.bias); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> minLight()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.minLight); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.minLight); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> blurRadius()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.blurRadius); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.blurRadius); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiDebuggingConfig.java

@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ public class DhApiDebuggingConfig implements IDhApiDebuggingConfig
 	
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiDebugRendering> debugRendering()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiDebugRendering, EDhApiDebugRendering>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.debugRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.debugRendering); }
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> debugKeybindings()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.enableDebugKeybindings); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.enableDebugKeybindings); }
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> renderWireframe()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.renderWireframe); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.renderWireframe); }
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> lodOnlyMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.lodOnlyMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.lodOnlyMode); }
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> debugWireframeRendering()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.DebugWireframe.enableRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.DebugWireframe.enableRendering); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiFarFogConfig.java

@@ -35,26 +35,26 @@ public class DhApiFarFogConfig implements IDhApiFarFogConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> farFogStartDistance()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogStart); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogStart); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> farFogEndDistance()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogEnd); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogEnd); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> farFogMinThickness()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogMin); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogMin); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> farFogMaxThickness()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogMax); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogMax); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiFogFalloff> farFogFalloff()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiFogFalloff, EDhApiFogFalloff>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogFalloff); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogFalloff); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> farFogDensity()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogDensity); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.farFogDensity); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiGenericRenderingConfig.java

@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ public class DhApiGenericRenderingConfig implements IDhApiGenericRenderingConfig
 	
 	@Override 
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> renderingEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableRendering); }
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> beaconRenderingEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableBeaconRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableBeaconRendering); }
 	@Override 
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> cloudRenderingEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableCloudRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.GenericRendering.enableCloudRendering); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiGpuBuffersConfig.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ *    This file is part of the Distant Horizons mod
+ *    licensed under the GNU LGPL v3 License.
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020-2023 James Seibel
+ *
+ *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.api.external.methods.config.client;
+
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.config.IDhApiConfigValue;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.config.client.IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.config.DhApiConfigValue;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiGpuUploadMethod;
+
+public class DhApiGpuBuffersConfig implements IDhApiGpuBuffersConfig
+{
+	public static DhApiGpuBuffersConfig INSTANCE = new DhApiGpuBuffersConfig();
+	
+	private DhApiGpuBuffersConfig() { }
+	
+	
+	
+	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiGpuUploadMethod> gpuUploadMethod()
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.GpuBuffers.gpuUploadMethod); }
+	
+	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> gpuUploadPerMegabyteInMilliseconds()
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.GpuBuffers.gpuUploadPerMegabyteInMilliseconds); }
+	
+}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiGraphicsConfig.java

@@ -56,15 +56,15 @@ public class DhApiGraphicsConfig implements IDhApiGraphicsConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> chunkRenderDistance()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.lodChunkRenderDistanceRadius); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.lodChunkRenderDistanceRadius); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> renderingEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiRendererMode> renderingMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiRendererMode, EDhApiRendererMode>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode); }
 	
 	
 	
@@ -74,27 +74,27 @@ public class DhApiGraphicsConfig implements IDhApiGraphicsConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution> maxHorizontalResolution()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.maxHorizontalResolution); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.maxHorizontalResolution); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiVerticalQuality> verticalQuality()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiVerticalQuality, EDhApiVerticalQuality>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.verticalQuality); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.verticalQuality); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHorizontalQuality> horizontalQuality()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHorizontalQuality, EDhApiHorizontalQuality>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.horizontalQuality); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.horizontalQuality); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiTransparency> transparency()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiTransparency, EDhApiTransparency>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.transparency); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.transparency); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiBlocksToAvoid> blocksToAvoid()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiBlocksToAvoid, EDhApiBlocksToAvoid>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.blocksToIgnore); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.blocksToIgnore); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> tintWithAvoidedBlocks()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.tintWithAvoidedBlocks); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.tintWithAvoidedBlocks); }
 	
 	// TODO re-implement
 //	@Override
@@ -109,47 +109,47 @@ public class DhApiGraphicsConfig implements IDhApiGraphicsConfig
 
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> overdrawPreventionRadius()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.overdrawPrevention); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.overdrawPrevention); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> brightnessMultiplier()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.brightnessMultiplier); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.brightnessMultiplier); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> saturationMultiplier()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.saturationMultiplier); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.saturationMultiplier); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> caveCullingEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.enableCaveCulling); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.enableCaveCulling); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> caveCullingHeight()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.caveCullingHeight); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.caveCullingHeight); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> earthCurvatureRatio()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.earthCurveRatio); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.earthCurveRatio); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> lodOnlyMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.lodOnlyMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.lodOnlyMode); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> lodBias()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.lodBias); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.lodBias); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiLodShading> lodShading()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiLodShading, EDhApiLodShading>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.lodShading); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.lodShading); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> disableFrustumCulling()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.disableFrustumCulling); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.disableFrustumCulling); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> disableShadowFrustumCulling()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.disableShadowPassFrustumCulling); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.disableShadowPassFrustumCulling); }
 	
 	
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiHeightFogConfig.java

@@ -37,38 +37,38 @@ public class DhApiHeightFogConfig implements IDhApiHeightFogConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHeightFogMixMode> heightFogMixMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHeightFogMixMode, EDhApiHeightFogMixMode>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMixMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMixMode); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHeightFogMode> heightFogMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiHeightFogMode, EDhApiHeightFogMode>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMode); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogBaseHeight()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogBaseHeight); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogBaseHeight); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogStartingHeightPercent()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogStart); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogStart); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogEndingHeightPercent()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogEnd); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogEnd); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogMinThickness()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMin); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMin); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogMaxThickness()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMax); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogMax); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiFogFalloff> heightFogFalloff()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiFogFalloff, EDhApiFogFalloff>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogFalloff); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogFalloff); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> heightFogDensity()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogDensity); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Fog.AdvancedFog.HeightFog.heightFogDensity); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiMultiThreadingConfig.java

@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ public class DhApiMultiThreadingConfig implements IDhApiMultiThreadingConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> worldGeneratorThreads()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfWorldGenerationThreads); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfWorldGenerationThreads); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> fileHandlerThreads()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfFileHandlerThreads); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfFileHandlerThreads); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> lodBuilderThreads()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfLodBuilderThreads); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfLodBuilderThreads); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiMultiplayerConfig.java

@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ public class DhApiMultiplayerConfig implements IDhApiMultiplayerConfig
 	
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<EDhApiServerFolderNameMode> folderSavingMode()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<EDhApiServerFolderNameMode, EDhApiServerFolderNameMode>(Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.serverFolderNameMode); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.serverFolderNameMode); }
 	
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> multiverseSimilarityRequirement()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.multiverseSimilarityRequiredPercent); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.multiverseSimilarityRequiredPercent); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/config/client/DhApiNoiseTextureConfig.java

@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ public class DhApiNoiseTextureConfig implements IDhApiNoiseTextureConfig
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Boolean> noiseEnabled()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Boolean, Boolean>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseEnabled); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseEnabled); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> noiseSteps()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseSteps); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseSteps); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Double> noiseIntensity()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Double, Double>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseIntensity); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseIntensity); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IDhApiConfigValue<Integer> noiseDropoff()
-	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<Integer, Integer>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseDropoff); }
+	{ return new DhApiConfigValue<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.NoiseTextureSettings.noiseDropoff); }
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/external/methods/data/DhApiTerrainDataRepo.java

@@ -187,22 +187,20 @@ public class DhApiTerrainDataRepo implements IDhApiTerrainDataRepo
 			return DhApiResult.createFail("Unable to get terrain data before the world has loaded.");
 		}
 		
-		if (!(levelWrapper instanceof ILevelWrapper))
+		if (!(levelWrapper instanceof ILevelWrapper coreLevelWrapper))
 		{
 			// custom level wrappers aren't supported,
 			// the API user must get a level wrapper from our code somewhere
 			return DhApiResult.createFail("Unsupported [" + IDhApiLevelWrapper.class.getSimpleName() + "] implementation, only the core class [" + IDhLevel.class.getSimpleName() + "] is a valid parameter.");
 		}
-		ILevelWrapper coreLevelWrapper = (ILevelWrapper) levelWrapper;
 		
 		
-		if (!(apiDataCache instanceof DhApiTerrainDataCache))
+		if (!(apiDataCache instanceof DhApiTerrainDataCache dataCache))
 		{
 			// custom level wrappers aren't supported,
 			// the API user must get a level wrapper from our code somewhere
 			return DhApiResult.createFail("Unsupported [" + IDhApiTerrainDataCache.class.getSimpleName() + "] implementation, only the core class [" + DhApiTerrainDataCache.class.getSimpleName() + "] is a valid parameter.");
 		}
-		DhApiTerrainDataCache dataCache = (DhApiTerrainDataCache) apiDataCache;
 		
 		
 		IDhLevel level = currentWorld.getLevel(coreLevelWrapper);
@@ -326,10 +324,9 @@ public class DhApiTerrainDataRepo implements IDhApiTerrainDataRepo
 		int height = FullDataPointUtil.getHeight(dataPoint);
 		int topY = bottomY + height;
 		
-		return DhApiTerrainDataPoint.create(
+		return new DhApiTerrainDataPoint(detailLevel,
-				detailLevel,
 				FullDataPointUtil.getBlockLight(dataPoint), FullDataPointUtil.getSkyLight(dataPoint),
-				bottomY, topY,
+				topY, bottomY,
 				blockState, biomeWrapper);
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/internal/ClientApi.java

@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ public class ClientApi
 	{
 		// logging //
 		
-		this.sendQueuedChatMessages();
+		this.sendChatMessagesNow();
 		
 		IProfilerWrapper profiler = MC.getProfiler();
 		profiler.pop(); // get out of "terrain"
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ public class ClientApi
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private void sendQueuedChatMessages()
+	private void sendChatMessagesNow()
 	{
 		// dev build
 		if (ModInfo.IS_DEV_BUILD && !this.configOverrideReminderPrinted && MC.playerExists())
@@ -668,12 +668,10 @@ public class ClientApi
 			this.configOverrideReminderPrinted = true;
 			
 			// remind the user that this is a development build
-			String message = 
+			MC.sendChatMessage("\u00A72" + "Distant Horizons: nightly/unstable build, version: [" + ModInfo.VERSION+"]." + "\u00A7r");
-					// green text
+			MC.sendChatMessage("Issues may occur with this version.");
-					"\u00A72" + "Distant Horizons: nightly/unstable build, version: [" + ModInfo.VERSION+"]." + "\u00A7r\n" +
+			MC.sendChatMessage("Here be dragons!");
-					"Issues may occur with this version.\n" +
+			MC.sendChatMessage("");
-					"Here be dragons!\n";
-			MC.sendChatMessage(message);
 		}
 		
 		// memory
@@ -688,13 +686,11 @@ public class ClientApi
 			long maxMemoryInBytes = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
 			if (maxMemoryInBytes < minimumRecommendedMemoryInBytes)
 			{
-				String message =
+				MC.sendChatMessage("\u00A76" + "Distant Horizons: Low memory detected." + "\u00A7r");
-						// orange text		
+				MC.sendChatMessage("Stuttering or low FPS may occur.");
-						"\u00A76" + "Distant Horizons: Low memory detected." + "\u00A7r \n" +
+				MC.sendChatMessage("Please increase Minecraft's available memory to 4 gigabytes.");
-						"Stuttering or low FPS may occur. \n" +
+				MC.sendChatMessage("This warning can be disabled in DH's config under Advanced -> Logging.");
-						"Please increase Minecraft's available memory to 4 gigabytes. \n" +
+				MC.sendChatMessage("");
-						"This warning can be disabled in DH's config under Advanced -> Logging. \n";
-				MC.sendChatMessage(message);
 			}
 		}
 		

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/api/internal/SharedApi.java

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dependencyInjection.SingletonInjector;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.generation.DhLightingEngine;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level.IDhLevel;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level.IDhServerLevel;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.DhLoggerBuilder;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.f3.F3Screen;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhBlockPos2D;
@@ -32,7 +31,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhChunkPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.DebugRenderer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.dto.BeaconBeamDTO;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.repo.AbstractDhRepo;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.TimerUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.objects.Pair;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.threading.ThreadPoolUtil;
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
 /** Contains code and variables used by both {@link ClientApi} and {@link ServerApi} */
 public class SharedApi
@@ -142,13 +139,23 @@ public class SharedApi
 	public static boolean isChunkAtBlockPosAlreadyUpdating(int blockPosX, int blockPosZ)
 	{ return UPDATING_CHUNK_POS_SET.contains(new DhChunkPos(new DhBlockPos2D(blockPosX, blockPosZ))); }
 	
-	public static boolean isChunkAtChunkPosAlreadyUpdating(int chunkPosX, int chunkPosZ)
-	{ return UPDATING_CHUNK_POS_SET.contains(new DhChunkPos(chunkPosX, chunkPosZ)); }
-	
 	
 	/** handles both block place and break events */
 	public void chunkBlockChangedEvent(IChunkWrapper chunk, ILevelWrapper level) { this.applyChunkUpdate(chunk, level, true); }
+	
 	public void chunkLoadEvent(IChunkWrapper chunk, ILevelWrapper level) { this.applyChunkUpdate(chunk, level, false); }
+	public void chunkUnloadEvent(IChunkWrapper chunk, ILevelWrapper level) 
+	{
+		// temporarily disabled since this was originally incorrectly designated as "chunkSaveEvent"
+		// but didn't actually fire on chunk save
+		// and generally this is unnecessary and drastically reduces LOD building performance
+		// when traveling around the world
+		if (false)
+		{
+			this.applyChunkUpdate(chunk, level, false);
+		}
+	}
+	
 	
 	public void applyChunkUpdate(IChunkWrapper chunkWrapper, ILevelWrapper level, boolean updateNeighborChunks)
 	{
@@ -165,11 +172,10 @@ public class SharedApi
 		AbstractDhWorld dhWorld = SharedApi.getAbstractDhWorld();
 		if (dhWorld == null)
 		{
-			if (level instanceof IClientLevelWrapper)
+			if (level instanceof IClientLevelWrapper clientLevel)
 			{
 				// If the client world isn't loaded yet, keep track of which chunks were loaded so we can use them later.
 				// This may happen if the client world and client level load events happen out of order
-				IClientLevelWrapper clientLevel = (IClientLevelWrapper) level;
 				ClientApi.INSTANCE.waitingChunkByClientLevelAndPos.replace(new Pair<>(clientLevel, chunkWrapper.getChunkPos()), chunkWrapper);
 			}
 			
@@ -180,10 +186,9 @@ public class SharedApi
 		IDhLevel dhLevel = dhWorld.getLevel(level);
 		if (dhLevel == null)
 		{
-			if (level instanceof IClientLevelWrapper)
+			if (level instanceof IClientLevelWrapper clientLevel)
 			{
 				// the client level isn't loaded yet
-				IClientLevelWrapper clientLevel = (IClientLevelWrapper) level;
 				ClientApi.INSTANCE.waitingChunkByClientLevelAndPos.replace(new Pair<>(clientLevel, chunkWrapper.getChunkPos()), chunkWrapper);
 			}
 			
@@ -321,50 +326,36 @@ public class SharedApi
 					}
 					
 					
-					// chunk light baking is disabled since profiling revealed it used
+					// Save or populate the chunk wrapper's lighting
-					// roughly the same amount of time as generating the lighting ourselves and
+					// this is done so we don't have to worry about MC unloading the lighting data for this chunk
-					// was much more likely to have issues with corrupt (all black or all bright) chunks
+					boolean onlyUseDhLighting = Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.onlyUseDhLightingEngine.get();
-					boolean tryUsingMcLightingEngine = false;
+					if (!onlyUseDhLighting && chunkWrapper.isLightCorrect())
-					if (tryUsingMcLightingEngine)
 					{
-						// Save or populate the chunk wrapper's lighting
+						try
-						// this is done so we don't have to worry about MC unloading the lighting data for this chunk
-						boolean chunkLightPopulated = false;
-						boolean onlyUseDhLighting = Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.onlyUseDhLightingEngine.get();
-						if (!onlyUseDhLighting && chunkWrapper.isLightCorrect())
 						{
 							// If MC's lighting engine isn't thread safe this may cause the server thread to lag
-							chunkLightPopulated = chunkWrapper.bakeDhLightingUsingMcLightingEngine(dhLevel.getLevelWrapper());
+							chunkWrapper.bakeDhLightingUsingMcLightingEngine();
-							if (!chunkLightPopulated)
-							{
-								// clear any existing data to prevent partial or corrupt lighting
-								// when re-generating it
-								chunkWrapper.clearDhBlockLighting();
-								chunkWrapper.clearDhSkyLighting();
-							}
 						}
-						
+						catch (IllegalStateException e)
-						// something went wrong during the baking process so we have to generate the lighting ourselves
-						if (!chunkLightPopulated)
 						{
-							DhLightingEngine.INSTANCE.lightChunk(chunkWrapper, nearbyChunkList, dhLevel.hasSkyLight() ? LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT : LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT);
+							LOGGER.warn("Chunk light baking error: " + e.getMessage(), e);
 						}
 					}
 					else
 					{
-						DhLightingEngine.INSTANCE.lightChunk(chunkWrapper, nearbyChunkList, dhLevel.hasSkyLight() ? LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT : LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT);
+						// generate the chunk's lighting, using neighboring chunks if present
+						DhLightingEngine.INSTANCE.lightChunk(chunkWrapper, nearbyChunkList, dhLevel.hasSkyLight() ? 15 : 0);
 					}
 					
 					
 					
-					
-					
 					// get this chunk's active beacons
 					List<BeaconBeamDTO> beaconBeamList = chunkWrapper.getAllActiveBeacons(nearbyChunkList);
 					dhLevel.setBeaconBeamsForChunk(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos(), beaconBeamList);
 					
 					
-					dhLevel.updateChunkAsync(chunkWrapper, newChunkHash);
+					dhLevel.updateChunkAsync(chunkWrapper);
+					dhLevel.setChunkHash(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos(), newChunkHash);
 				}
 				catch (Exception e)
 				{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/Config.java

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  * Otherwise, you will have issues where only some of the config entries will exist when your listener is created.
  *
  * @author coolGi
+ * @version 2023-7-16
  */
 
 public class Config
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@ public class Config
 			public static ConfigCategory multiplayer = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(Multiplayer.class).build();
 			public static ConfigCategory lodBuilding = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(LodBuilding.class).build();
 			public static ConfigCategory multiThreading = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(MultiThreading.class).build();
+			public static ConfigCategory buffers = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(GpuBuffers.class).build();
 			public static ConfigCategory autoUpdater = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(AutoUpdater.class).build();
 			
 			public static ConfigCategory logging = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(Logging.class).build();
@@ -177,7 +179,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ "Lowest Quality: " + EDhApiVerticalQuality.HEIGHT_MAP + "\n"
 									+ "Highest Quality: " + EDhApiVerticalQuality.EXTREME)
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.VERY_HIGH)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiHorizontalQuality> horizontalQuality = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiHorizontalQuality>()
@@ -199,7 +200,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ EDhApiTransparency.DISABLED + ": LODs will be opaque. \n"
 									+ "")
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.MEDIUM)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiBlocksToAvoid> blocksToIgnore = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiBlocksToAvoid>()
@@ -211,7 +211,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ EDhApiBlocksToAvoid.NON_COLLIDING + ": Only represent solid blocks in the LODs (tall grass, torches, etc. won't count for a LOD's height) \n"
 									+ "")
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.NONE)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> tintWithAvoidedBlocks = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
@@ -223,7 +222,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ "False: skipped blocks will not change color of surface below them. "
 									+ "")
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.NONE)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					// TODO fixme
@@ -589,7 +587,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ "0 = black \n"
 									+ "1 = normal \n"
 									+ "2 = near white")
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Double> saturationMultiplier = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Double>() // TODO: Make this a float (the ClassicConfigGUI doesnt support floats)
@@ -600,7 +597,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ "0 = black and white \n"
 									+ "1 = normal \n"
 									+ "2 = very saturated")
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> enableCaveCulling = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
@@ -615,15 +611,14 @@ public class Config
 									+ "Additional Info: Currently this cull all faces \n"
 									+ " with skylight value of 0 in dimensions that \n"
 									+ " does not have a ceiling.")
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
+					@Deprecated
 					public static ConfigEntry<Integer> caveCullingHeight = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
-							.setMinDefaultMax(-4096, 60, 4096)
+							.setMinDefaultMax(-4096, 40, 4096)
+							.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_API)
 							.comment(""
-									+ "At what Y value should cave culling start? \n"
+									+ "At what Y value should cave culling start?")
-									+ "Lower this value if you get walls for areas with 0 light.")
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Integer> earthCurveRatio = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
@@ -661,7 +656,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ EDhApiLodShading.DISABLED + ": All LOD sides will be rendered with the same brightness. \n"
 									+ "")
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.NONE)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> disableFrustumCulling = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
@@ -696,7 +690,6 @@ public class Config
 									+ EDhApiGrassSideRendering.AS_DIRT + ": sides render entirely as dirt. \n"
 									+ "")
 							.setPerformance(EConfigEntryPerformance.NONE)
-							.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 							.build();
 					
 				}
@@ -780,10 +773,8 @@ public class Config
 								+ "")
 						.build();
 				
-				@Deprecated
 				public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> onlyUseDhLightingEngine = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
 						.set(false)
-						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_API)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If false LODs will be lit by Minecraft's lighting engine when possible \n"
 								+ "and fall back to the DH lighting engine only when necessary. \n"
@@ -876,8 +867,8 @@ public class Config
 				
 				static
 				{
-					ignoredRenderBlockCsv.addListener(new ConfigChangeListener<String>(Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.ignoredRenderBlockCsv, 
+					ignoredRenderBlockCsv.addListener(new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.ignoredRenderBlockCsv,
-							(blockCsv) -> 
+							(blockCsv) ->
 							{
 								IWrapperFactory wrapperFactory = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IWrapperFactory.class);
 								if (wrapperFactory != null)
@@ -887,8 +878,8 @@ public class Config
 								}
 							}));
 					
-					ignoredRenderCaveBlockCsv.addListener(new ConfigChangeListener<String>(Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.ignoredRenderCaveBlockCsv, 
+					ignoredRenderCaveBlockCsv.addListener(new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.Advanced.LodBuilding.ignoredRenderCaveBlockCsv,
-							(blockCsv) -> 
+							(blockCsv) ->
 							{
 								IWrapperFactory wrapperFactory = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IWrapperFactory.class);
 								if (wrapperFactory != null)
@@ -1071,6 +1062,53 @@ public class Config
 				
 			}
 			
+			public static class GpuBuffers
+			{
+				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiGpuUploadMethod> gpuUploadMethod = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiGpuUploadMethod>()
+						.set(EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.AUTO)
+						.comment(""
+								+ "What method should be used to upload geometry to the GPU? \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.AUTO + ": Picks the best option based on the GPU you have. \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.BUFFER_STORAGE + ": Default if OpenGL 4.5 is supported. \n"
+								+ "    Fast rendering, no stuttering. \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.SUB_DATA + ": Backup option for NVIDIA. \n"
+								+ "    Fast rendering but may stutter when uploading. \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.BUFFER_MAPPING + ": Slow rendering but won't stutter when uploading. \n"
+								+ "    Generally the best option for integrated GPUs. \n"
+								+ "    Default option for AMD/Intel if OpenGL 4.5 isn't supported. \n"
+								+ "    May end up storing buffers in System memory. \n"
+								+ "    Fast rendering if in GPU memory, slow if in system memory, \n"
+								+ "    but won't stutter when uploading.  \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.DATA + ": Fast rendering but will stutter when uploading. \n"
+								+ "    Backup option for AMD/Intel. \n"
+								+ "    Fast rendering but may stutter when uploading. \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ "If you don't see any difference when changing these settings, \n"
+								+ "or the world looks corrupted: restart your game."
+								+ "")
+						.build();
+				
+				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> gpuUploadPerMegabyteInMilliseconds = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
+						.setMinDefaultMax(0, 0, 50)
+						.comment(""
+								+ "How long should a buffer wait per Megabyte of data uploaded? \n"
+								+ "Helpful resource for frame times: https://fpstoms.com \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ "Longer times may reduce stuttering but will make LODs \n"
+								+ "transition and load slower. Change this to [0] for no timeout. \n"
+								+ "\n"
+								+ "NOTE:\n"
+								+ "Before changing this config, try changing the \"GPU Upload method\" first. \n"
+								+ "")
+						.build();
+				
+			}
+			
 			public static class AutoUpdater
 			{
 				public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> enableAutoUpdater = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
@@ -1102,63 +1140,63 @@ public class Config
 				// TODO add change all option
 				// TODO default to error chat and info file
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logWorldGenEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about the world generation process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logWorldGenPerformance = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log performance about the world generation process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logWorldGenLoadEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about the world generation process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logLodBuilderEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about the LOD generation process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logRendererBufferEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about the renderer buffer process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logRendererGLEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about the renderer OpenGL process. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logFileReadWriteEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about file read/write operations. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logFileSubDimEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about file sub-dimension operations. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
 						.build();
 				
 				public static ConfigEntry<EDhApiLoggerMode> logNetworkEvent = new ConfigEntry.Builder<EDhApiLoggerMode>()
-						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT_AND_INFO_TO_FILE)
+						.set(EDhApiLoggerMode.LOG_ERROR_TO_CHAT)
 						.comment(""
 								+ "If enabled, the mod will log information about network operations. \n"
 								+ "This can be useful for debugging.")
@@ -1179,13 +1217,6 @@ public class Config
 								+ "giving some basic information about how DH will function.")
 						.build();
 				
-				public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> showModCompatibilityWarningsOnStartup = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
-						.set(true)
-						.comment(""
-								+ "If enabled, a chat message will be displayed when a potentially problematic \n"
-								+ "mod is installed alongside DH.")
-						.build();
-				
 			}
 			
 			public static class Debugging
@@ -1272,38 +1303,22 @@ public class Config
 				public static ConfigEntry<Boolean> columnBuilderDebugEnable = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Boolean>()
 						.set(false)
 						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
+						.addListener(DebugColumnConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 						.build();
 				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugDetailLevel = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
 						.set((int) DhSectionPos.SECTION_MINIMUM_DETAIL_LEVEL)
 						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
+						.addListener(DebugColumnConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 						.build();
 				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugXPos = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
 						.set(0)
 						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
+						.addListener(DebugColumnConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 						.build();
 				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugZPos = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
 						.set(0)
 						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
+						.addListener(DebugColumnConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
-						.build();
-				
-				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugXRow = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
-						.set(-1)
-						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
-						.build();
-				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugZRow = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
-						.set(-1)
-						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
-						.build();
-				public static ConfigEntry<Integer> columnBuilderDebugColumnIndex = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Integer>()
-						.set(-1)
-						.setAppearance(EConfigEntryAppearance.ONLY_IN_GUI)
-						.addListener(ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler.INSTANCE)
 						.build();
 				
 				
@@ -1482,27 +1497,25 @@ public class Config
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<List<String>> listTest = new ConfigEntry.Builder<List<String>>()
-							.set(new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("option 1", "option 2", "option 3")))
+							.set(new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("option 1", "option 2", "option 3")))
 							.build();
 					
 					public static ConfigEntry<Map<String, String>> mapTest = new ConfigEntry.Builder<Map<String, String>>()
-							.set(new HashMap<String, String>())
+							.set(new HashMap<>())
 							.build();
 					
-					public static ConfigUIButton uiButtonTest = new ConfigUIButton(() -> 
+					public static ConfigUIButton uiButtonTest = new ConfigUIButton(() ->
-					{
+							new Thread(() -> 
-						new Thread(() -> 
-						{
-							if (!GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless())
 							{
-								JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Button pressed!", "UITester dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
+								if (!GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless())
-							}
+								{
-							else
+									JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Button pressed!", "UITester dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
-							{
+								}
-								LOGGER.info("button pressed!");
+								else
-							}
+								{
-						});
+									LOGGER.info("button pressed!");
-					});
+								}
+							}));
 					
 					public static ConfigCategory categoryTest = new ConfigCategory.Builder().set(CategoryTest.class).build();
 					

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/ConfigBase.java

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class ConfigBase
 	 * <br> Map<String, T>
 	 * <br> HashMap<String, T>
 	 */
-	public static final List<Class<?>> acceptableInputs = new ArrayList<Class<?>>()
+	public static final List<Class<?>> acceptableInputs = new ArrayList<>()
 	{{
 		add(Boolean.class);
 		add(Byte.class);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public class ConfigBase
 					LOGGER.warn(exception);
 				}
 				
-				AbstractConfigType<?, ?> entry = entries.get(entries.size() - 1);
+				AbstractConfigType<?, ?> entry = entries.getLast();
 				entry.category = category;
 				entry.name = field.getName();
 				entry.configBase = this;
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public class ConfigBase
 					{
 						LOGGER.error("Invalid variable type at [" + (category.isEmpty() ? "" : category + ".") + field.getName() + "].");
 						LOGGER.error("Type [" + entry.getType() + "] is not one of these types [" + acceptableInputs.toString() + "]");
-						entries.remove(entries.size() - 1); // Delete the entry if it is invalid so the game can still run
+						entries.removeLast(); // Delete the entry if it is invalid so the game can still run
 					}
 				}
 				

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/NumberUtil.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 public class NumberUtil
 {
 	// Is there no better way of doing this?
-	public static Map<Class<?>, Number> minValues = new HashMap<Class<?>, Number>()
+	public static Map<Class<?>, Number> minValues = new HashMap<>()
 	{{
 		put(Byte.class, Byte.MIN_VALUE);
 		put(Short.class, Short.MIN_VALUE);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class NumberUtil
 		put(Double.class, Double.MIN_VALUE);
 		put(Float.class, Float.MIN_VALUE);
 	}};
-	public static Map<Class<?>, Number> maxValues = new HashMap<Class<?>, Number>()
+	public static Map<Class<?>, Number> maxValues = new HashMap<>()
 	{{
 		put(Byte.class, Byte.MAX_VALUE);
 		put(Short.class, Short.MAX_VALUE);

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/DebugColumnConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.DhApi;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.render.IDhApiRenderProxy;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.listeners.IConfigListener;
 
-public class ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler implements IConfigListener
+public class DebugColumnConfigEventHandler implements IConfigListener
 {
-	public static ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler INSTANCE = new ReloadLodsConfigEventHandler();
+	public static DebugColumnConfigEventHandler INSTANCE = new DebugColumnConfigEventHandler();
 	
 	@Override
 	public void onConfigValueSet()

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/QuickRenderToggleConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ public class QuickRenderToggleConfigEventHandler
 	/** private since we only ever need one handler at a time */
 	private QuickRenderToggleConfigEventHandler()
 	{
-		this.quickRenderChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering, (val) -> { Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode.set(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering.get() ? EDhApiRendererMode.DEFAULT : EDhApiRendererMode.DISABLED); });
+		this.quickRenderChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering, (val) -> Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode.set(Config.Client.quickEnableRendering.get() ? EDhApiRendererMode.DEFAULT : EDhApiRendererMode.DISABLED));
-		this.rendererModeChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode, (val) -> { Config.Client.quickEnableRendering.set(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode.get() != EDhApiRendererMode.DISABLED); });
+		this.rendererModeChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode, (val) -> Config.Client.quickEnableRendering.set(Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.rendererMode.get() != EDhApiRendererMode.DISABLED));
 	}
 	
 	/**

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/ResetConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public class ResetConfigEventHandler
 	/** private since we only ever need one handler at a time */
 	private ResetConfigEventHandler()
 	{
-		this.configChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.ResetConfirmation.resetAllSettings, (resetSettings) -> { doStuff(resetSettings); });
+		this.configChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.ResetConfirmation.resetAllSettings, this::doStuff);
 		
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/presets/AbstractPresetConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPresetConfigEventHandler<TPresetEnum extends Enum<
 	
 	public AbstractPresetConfigEventHandler()
 	{
-		configGui.addOnScreenChangeListener(() -> this.onConfigUiClosed());
+		configGui.addOnScreenChangeListener(this::onConfigUiClosed);
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPresetConfigEventHandler<TPresetEnum extends Enum<
 		
 		if (newPreset != currentPreset)
 		{
-			this.getPresetConfigEntry().set(newPreset);
+			this.getPresetConfigEntry().set(this.getCustomPresetEnum());
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractPresetConfigEventHandler<TPresetEnum extends Enum<
 			possiblePrestList.add(this.getCustomPresetEnum());
 		}
 		
-		return possiblePrestList.get(0);
+		return possiblePrestList.getFirst();
 	}
 	
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/presets/RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 	
 	
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution> drawResolution = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.maxHorizontalResolution,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.MINIMUM, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution.TWO_BLOCKS);
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.LOW, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution.BLOCK);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.EXTREME, EDhApiMaxHorizontalResolution.BLOCK);
 			}});
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiVerticalQuality> verticalQuality = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.verticalQuality,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiVerticalQuality>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.MINIMUM, EDhApiVerticalQuality.HEIGHT_MAP);
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.LOW, EDhApiVerticalQuality.LOW);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.EXTREME, EDhApiVerticalQuality.EXTREME);
 			}});
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiHorizontalQuality> horizontalQuality = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.horizontalQuality,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiHorizontalQuality>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.MINIMUM, EDhApiHorizontalQuality.LOWEST);
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.LOW, EDhApiHorizontalQuality.LOW);
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.EXTREME, EDhApiHorizontalQuality.EXTREME);
 			}});
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiTransparency> transparency = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.transparency,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiQualityPreset, EDhApiTransparency>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.MINIMUM, EDhApiTransparency.DISABLED);
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.LOW, EDhApiTransparency.DISABLED); // should be fake if/when fake is fixed
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.EXTREME, EDhApiTransparency.COMPLETE);
 			}});
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, Boolean> ssaoEnabled = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Ssao.enabled,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiQualityPreset, Boolean>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.MINIMUM, false);
 				this.put(EDhApiQualityPreset.LOW, false);
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class RenderQualityPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigE
 		for (ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiQualityPreset, ?> config : this.configList)
 		{
 			// ignore try-using, the listener should only ever be added once and should never be removed
-			new ConfigChangeListener<>(config.configEntry, (val) -> { this.onConfigValueChanged(); });
+			new ConfigChangeListener<>(config.configEntry, (val) -> this.onConfigValueChanged());
 		}
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/eventHandlers/presets/ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler.java

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 	
 	public static int getWorldGenDefaultThreadCount() { return getThreadCountByPercent(0.1); }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer> worldGenThreadCount = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfWorldGenerationThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getWorldGenDefaultThreadCount());
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 			}});
 	public static double getWorldGenDefaultRunTimeRatio() { return 0.5; }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double> worldGenRunTime = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.runTimeRatioForWorldGenerationThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 0.1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getWorldGenDefaultRunTimeRatio());
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 	
 	public static int getFileHandlerDefaultThreadCount() { return getThreadCountByPercent(0.1); }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer> fileHandlerThreadCount = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfFileHandlerThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getFileHandlerDefaultThreadCount());
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 			}});
 	public static double getFileHandlerDefaultRunTimeRatio() { return 0.5; }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double> fileHandlerRunTime = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.runTimeRatioForFileHandlerThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 0.25);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getFileHandlerDefaultRunTimeRatio());
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 	
 	public static int getUpdatePropagatorDefaultThreadCount() { return getThreadCountByPercent(0.10); }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer> UpdatePropagatorThreadCount = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfUpdatePropagatorThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getUpdatePropagatorDefaultThreadCount());
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 			}});
 	public static double getUpdatePropagatorDefaultRunTimeRatio() { return 0.25; }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double> UpdatePropagatorRunTime = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.runTimeRatioForUpdatePropagatorThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 0.1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getUpdatePropagatorDefaultRunTimeRatio());
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 	
 	public static int getLodBuilderDefaultThreadCount() { return getThreadCountByPercent(0.1); }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer> lodBuilderThreadCount = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfLodBuilderThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Integer>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getLodBuilderDefaultThreadCount());
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 			}});
 	public static double getLodBuilderDefaultRunTimeRatio() { return 0.25; }
 	private final ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double> lodBuilderRunTime = new ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<>(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.runTimeRatioForLodBuilderThreads,
-			new HashMap<EDhApiThreadPreset, Double>()
+			new HashMap<>()
 			{{
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.MINIMAL_IMPACT, 0.1);
 				this.put(EDhApiThreadPreset.LOW_IMPACT, getLodBuilderDefaultRunTimeRatio());
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public class ThreadPresetConfigEventHandler extends AbstractPresetConfigEventHan
 		for (ConfigEntryWithPresetOptions<EDhApiThreadPreset, ?> config : this.configList)
 		{
 			// ignore try-using, the listeners should only ever be added once and should never be removed
-			new ConfigChangeListener<>(config.configEntry, (val) -> { this.onConfigValueChanged(); });
+			new ConfigChangeListener<>(config.configEntry, (val) -> this.onConfigValueChanged());
 		}
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/file/ConfigTypeConverters.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 public class ConfigTypeConverters
 {
 	// Once you've made a converter add it to here where the first value is the type you want to convert and the 2nd value is the converter
-	public static final Map<Class<?>, ConverterBase> convertObjects = new HashMap<Class<?>, ConverterBase>()
+	public static final Map<Class<?>, ConverterBase> convertObjects = new HashMap<>()
 	{{
 		this.put(Short.class, new ShortConverter());
 		this.put(Long.class, new LongConverter());

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/config/gui/EmbeddedFrameUtil.java

@@ -73,33 +73,28 @@ public final class EmbeddedFrameUtil
 	
 	private static String getEmbeddedFrameImpl()
 	{
-		switch (EPlatform.get())
+		return switch (EPlatform.get())
 		{
-			case LINUX:
+			case LINUX -> "sun.awt.X11.XEmbeddedFrame";
-				return "sun.awt.X11.XEmbeddedFrame";
+			case WINDOWS -> "sun.awt.windows.WEmbeddedFrame";
-			case WINDOWS:
+			case MACOS -> "sun.lwawt.macosx.CViewEmbeddedFrame";
-				return "sun.awt.windows.WEmbeddedFrame";
+			default -> throw new IllegalStateException();
-			case MACOS:
+		};
-				return "sun.lwawt.macosx.CViewEmbeddedFrame";
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalStateException();
-		}
 	}
 	
 	private static long getEmbeddedFrameHandle(long window)
 	{
-		switch (EPlatform.get())
+		return switch (EPlatform.get())
 		{
-			case LINUX:
+			case LINUX -> glfwGetX11Window(window);
-				return glfwGetX11Window(window);
+			case WINDOWS -> glfwGetWin32Window(window);
-			case WINDOWS:
+			case MACOS ->
-				return glfwGetWin32Window(window);
+			{
-			case MACOS:
 				long objc_msgSend = ObjCRuntime.getLibrary().getFunctionAddress("objc_msgSend");
-				return invokePPP(glfwGetCocoaWindow(window), sel_getUid("contentView"), objc_msgSend);
+				yield invokePPP(glfwGetCocoaWindow(window), sel_getUid("contentView"), objc_msgSend);
-			default:
+			}
-				throw new IllegalStateException();
+			default -> throw new IllegalStateException();
-		}
+		};
 	}
 	
 	public static Frame embeddedFrameCreate(long window)

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/fullData/FullDataPointIdMap.java

@@ -516,10 +516,9 @@ public class FullDataPointIdMap
 			if (otherObj == this)
 				return true;
 			
-			if (!(otherObj instanceof Entry))
+			if (!(otherObj instanceof Entry other))
 				return false;
 			
-			Entry other = (Entry) otherObj;
 			return other.biome.getSerialString().equals(this.biome.getSerialString())
 					&& other.blockState.getSerialString().equals(this.blockState.getSerialString());
 		}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/fullData/sources/FullDataSourceV2.java

@@ -927,11 +927,10 @@ public class FullDataSourceV2 implements IDataSource<IDhLevel>
 	@Override 
 	public boolean equals(Object obj)
 	{
-		if (!(obj instanceof FullDataSourceV2))
+		if (!(obj instanceof FullDataSourceV2 other))
 		{
 			return false;
 		}
-		FullDataSourceV2 other = (FullDataSourceV2) obj;
 		
 		if (other.pos != this.pos)
 		{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/ColumnRenderSource.java

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public class ColumnRenderSource implements IDataSource<IDhClientLevel>
 						EDhApiWorldGenerationStep worldGenStep = inputFullDataSource.getWorldGenStepAtRelativePos(x, z);
 						if (dataColumn != null && worldGenStep != EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.EMPTY)
 						{
-							FullDataToRenderDataTransformer.updateOrReplaceRenderDataViewColumnWithFullDataColumn(
+							FullDataToRenderDataTransformer.updateRenderDataViewWithFullDataColumn(
 									level, inputFullDataSource.mapping,
 									minBlockPos.x + x,
 									minBlockPos.z + z,
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ public class ColumnRenderSource implements IDataSource<IDhClientLevel>
 		String SUBDATA_DELIMITER = ",";
 		StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
 		
-		stringBuilder.append(DhSectionPos.toString(this.pos));
+		stringBuilder.append(this.pos);
 		stringBuilder.append(LINE_DELIMITER);
 		
 		int size = 1;

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/BufferQuad.java

@@ -99,33 +99,23 @@ public final class BufferQuad
 		
 		if (compareDirection == BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
 		{
-			switch (this.direction.getAxis())
+			return switch (this.direction.getAxis())
 			{
-				case X:
+				case X -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.x, this.y, this.z, quad.x, quad.y, quad.z);
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.x, this.y, this.z, quad.x, quad.y, quad.z);
+				case Y -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.y, this.z, this.x, quad.y, quad.z, quad.x);
-				case Y:
+				case Z -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.z, this.y, this.x, quad.z, quad.y, quad.x);
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.y, this.z, this.x, quad.y, quad.z, quad.x);
+				default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Axis enum: " + this.direction.getAxis());
-				case Z:
+			};
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.z, this.y, this.x, quad.z, quad.y, quad.x);
-				
-				default:
-					throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Axis enum: " + this.direction.getAxis());
-			}
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			switch (this.direction.getAxis())
+			return switch (this.direction.getAxis())
 			{
-				case X:
+				case X -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.x, this.z, this.y, quad.x, quad.z, quad.y);
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.x, this.z, this.y, quad.x, quad.z, quad.y);
+				case Y -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.y, this.x, this.z, quad.y, quad.x, quad.z);
-				case Y:
+				case Z -> threeDimensionalCompare(this.z, this.x, this.y, quad.z, quad.x, quad.y);
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.y, this.x, this.z, quad.y, quad.x, quad.z);
+				default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Axis enum: " + this.direction.getAxis());
-				case Z:
+			};
-					return threeDimensionalCompare(this.z, this.x, this.y, quad.z, quad.x, quad.y);
-				
-				default:
-					throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Axis enum: " + this.direction.getAxis());
-			}
 		}
 	}
 	/**

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/ColumnBox.java

@@ -19,60 +19,29 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding;
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dependencyInjection.SingletonInjector;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.enums.EDhDirection;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level.IDhClientLevel;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.ColorUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.RenderDataPointUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.block.IBlockStateWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.columnViews.ColumnArrayView;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.LodRenderer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.MathUtil;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
 
 public class ColumnBox
 {
 	private static final IMinecraftClientWrapper MC = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IMinecraftClientWrapper.class);
 	
-	/** 
-	 * if the skylight has this value that means 
-	 * no data is expected 
-	 */
-	private static final byte SKYLIGHT_EMPTY = -1;
-	/** 
-	 * if the skylight has this value that means
-	 * that block position is covered/occuled by an adjacent block/column.
-	 */
-	private static final byte SKYLIGHT_COVERED = -2;
-	
-	private static final ThreadLocal<byte[]> THREAD_LOCAL_SKY_LIGHT_ARRAY = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() ->
-	{
-		byte[] array = new byte[RenderDataPointUtil.MAX_WORLD_Y_SIZE];
-		Arrays.fill(array, SKYLIGHT_EMPTY);
-		return array;
-	});
-	
-	
-	
-	//=========//
-	// builder //
-	//=========//
-	
 	public static void addBoxQuadsToBuilder(
-			LodQuadBuilder builder, IDhClientLevel clientLevel,
+			LodQuadBuilder builder,
 			short xSize, short ySize, short zSize,
 			short x, short minY, short z,
 			int color, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte skyLight, byte blockLight,
-			long topData, long bottomData, ColumnArrayView[] adjData, boolean[] isAdjDataSameDetailLevel)
+			long topData, long bottomData, ColumnArrayView[][] adjData)
 	{
-		//================//
-		// variable setup //
-		//================//
-		
 		short maxX = (short) (x + xSize);
 		short maxY = (short) (minY + ySize);
 		short maxZ = (short) (z + zSize);
@@ -84,24 +53,33 @@ public class ColumnBox
 		boolean isTopTransparent = RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(topData) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
 		boolean isBottomTransparent = RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(bottomData) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
 		
-		// defaulting to a value far below what we can normally render means we
-		// don't need to have an additional "is cave culling enabled" check
-		int caveCullingMaxY = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
-		if (Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.enableCaveCulling.get())
-		{
-			caveCullingMaxY = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.caveCullingHeight.get() - clientLevel.getMinY();
-		}
-		
-		
-		
 		// if there isn't any data below this LOD, make this LOD's color opaque to prevent seeing void through transparent blocks
 		// Note: this LOD should still be considered transparent for this method's checks, otherwise rendering bugs may occur
+		// FIXME this transparency change should be applied before this point since this could affect other areas
+		//  This may also be better than handling the LOD as transparent, but that is TBD
 		if (!RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(bottomData))
 		{
 			color = ColorUtil.setAlpha(color, 255);
 		}
 		
 		
+		// cave culling prevention
+		// prevents certain faces from being culled underground that should be allowed
+		if (builder.skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight
+			&& 0 == skyLight
+			&& builder.skyLightCullingBelow > maxY
+			&& (
+					(RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(topData) < 255 && RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(topData) >= builder.skyLightCullingBelow)
+					|| (RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(topData) >= builder.skyLightCullingBelow)
+					|| !RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(topData)
+				)
+			)
+		{
+			maxY = builder.skyLightCullingBelow;
+		}
+		
+		
+		
 		// fake ocean transparency
 		if (LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled && LodRenderer.fakeOceanFloor)
 		{
@@ -121,9 +99,7 @@ public class ColumnBox
 		
 		
 		
-		//==========================//
+		// add top and bottom faces if requested //
-		// add top and bottom faces //
-		//==========================//
 		
 		boolean skipTop = RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(topData) && (RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(topData) == maxY) && !isTopTransparent;
 		if (!skipTop)
@@ -138,291 +114,409 @@ public class ColumnBox
 		}
 		
 		
+		// add North, south, east, and west faces if requested //
 		
-		//========================================//
+		// TODO merge duplicate code
-		// add North, south, east, and west faces //
+		//NORTH face vertex creation
-		//========================================//
-		
-		// NORTH face
 		{
-			ColumnArrayView adjCol = adjData[EDhDirection.NORTH.ordinal() - 2]; // TODO can we use something other than ordinal-2?
+			ColumnArrayView[] adjDataNorth = adjData[EDhDirection.NORTH.ordinal() - 2]; // TODO can we use something other than ordinal-2?
-			boolean adjSameDetailLevel = isAdjDataSameDetailLevel[EDhDirection.NORTH.ordinal() - 2];
+			int adjOverlapNorth = ColorUtil.INVISIBLE;
-			// if the adjacent column is null that generally means the adjacent area hasn't been generated yet
+			if (adjDataNorth == null)
-			if (adjCol == null)
 			{
-				// Add an adjacent face if this is opaque face or transparent over the void.
+				// add an adjacent face if this is opaque face or transparent over the void
 				if (!isTransparent || overVoid)
 				{
 					builder.addQuadAdj(EDhDirection.NORTH, x, minY, z, xSize, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, blockLight);
 				}
 			}
+			else if (adjDataNorth.length == 1)
+			{
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataNorth[0], EDhDirection.NORTH, x, minY, z, xSize, ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapNorth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
+			}
 			else
 			{
-				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjCol, adjSameDetailLevel, caveCullingMaxY, EDhDirection.NORTH, x, minY, z, xSize, ySize,
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataNorth[0], EDhDirection.NORTH, x, minY, z, (short) (xSize / 2), ySize,
-						color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight);
+						color, adjOverlapNorth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataNorth[1], EDhDirection.NORTH, (short) (x + xSize / 2), minY, z, (short) (xSize / 2), ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapNorth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 		}
 		
-		// SOUTH face
+		//SOUTH face vertex creation
 		{
-			ColumnArrayView adjCol = adjData[EDhDirection.SOUTH.ordinal() - 2];
+			ColumnArrayView[] adjDataSouth = adjData[EDhDirection.SOUTH.ordinal() - 2];
-			boolean adjSameDetailLevel = isAdjDataSameDetailLevel[EDhDirection.SOUTH.ordinal() - 2];
+			int adjOverlapSouth = ColorUtil.INVISIBLE;
-			if (adjCol == null)
+			if (adjDataSouth == null)
 			{
 				if (!isTransparent || overVoid)
-				{
 					builder.addQuadAdj(EDhDirection.SOUTH, x, minY, maxZ, xSize, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, blockLight);
-				}
+			}
+			else if (adjDataSouth.length == 1)
+			{
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataSouth[0], EDhDirection.SOUTH, x, minY, maxZ, xSize, ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapSouth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjCol, adjSameDetailLevel, caveCullingMaxY, EDhDirection.SOUTH, x, minY, maxZ, xSize, ySize,
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataSouth[0], EDhDirection.SOUTH, x, minY, maxZ, (short) (xSize / 2), ySize,
-						color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight);
+						color, adjOverlapSouth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
+				
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataSouth[1], EDhDirection.SOUTH, (short) (x + xSize / 2), minY, maxZ, (short) (xSize / 2), ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapSouth, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 		}
 		
-		// WEST face
+		//WEST face vertex creation
 		{
-			ColumnArrayView adjCol = adjData[EDhDirection.WEST.ordinal() - 2];
+			ColumnArrayView[] adjDataWest = adjData[EDhDirection.WEST.ordinal() - 2];
-			boolean adjSameDetailLevel = isAdjDataSameDetailLevel[EDhDirection.WEST.ordinal() - 2];
+			int adjOverlapWest = ColorUtil.INVISIBLE;
-			if (adjCol == null)
+			if (adjDataWest == null)
 			{
 				if (!isTransparent || overVoid)
-				{
 					builder.addQuadAdj(EDhDirection.WEST, x, minY, z, zSize, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, blockLight);
-				}
+			}
+			else if (adjDataWest.length == 1)
+			{
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataWest[0], EDhDirection.WEST, x, minY, z, zSize, ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapWest, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjCol, adjSameDetailLevel, caveCullingMaxY, EDhDirection.WEST, x, minY, z, zSize, ySize,
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataWest[0], EDhDirection.WEST, x, minY, z, (short) (zSize / 2), ySize,
-						color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight);
+						color, adjOverlapWest, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataWest[1], EDhDirection.WEST, x, minY, (short) (z + zSize / 2), (short) (zSize / 2), ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapWest, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 		}
 		
-		// EAST face
+		//EAST face vertex creation
 		{
-			ColumnArrayView adjCol = adjData[EDhDirection.EAST.ordinal() - 2];
+			ColumnArrayView[] adjDataEast = adjData[EDhDirection.EAST.ordinal() - 2];
-			boolean adjSameDetailLevel = isAdjDataSameDetailLevel[EDhDirection.EAST.ordinal() - 2];
+			int adjOverlapEast = ColorUtil.INVISIBLE;
-			if (adjCol == null)
+			if (adjData[EDhDirection.EAST.ordinal() - 2] == null)
 			{
 				if (!isTransparent || overVoid)
-				{
 					builder.addQuadAdj(EDhDirection.EAST, maxX, minY, z, zSize, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, blockLight);
-				}
+			}
+			else if (adjDataEast.length == 1)
+			{
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataEast[0], EDhDirection.EAST, maxX, minY, z, zSize, ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapEast, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjCol, adjSameDetailLevel, caveCullingMaxY, EDhDirection.EAST, maxX, minY, z, zSize, ySize,
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataEast[0], EDhDirection.EAST, maxX, minY, z, (short) (zSize / 2), ySize,
-						color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight);
+						color, adjOverlapEast, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
+				makeAdjVerticalQuad(builder, adjDataEast[1], EDhDirection.EAST, maxX, minY, (short) (z + zSize / 2), (short) (zSize / 2), ySize,
+						color, adjOverlapEast, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight,
+						topData, bottomData);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	
+	// the overlap color can be used to see faces that shouldn't be rendered
 	private static void makeAdjVerticalQuad(
-			LodQuadBuilder builder, @NotNull ColumnArrayView adjColumnView, boolean adjacentIsSameDetailLevel, int caveCullingMaxY, EDhDirection direction, 
+			LodQuadBuilder builder, ColumnArrayView adjColumnView, EDhDirection direction,
 			short x, short yMin, short z, short horizontalWidth, short ySize,
-			int color, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte blockLight)
+			int color, int debugOverlapColor, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte skyLightTop, byte blockLight,
+			long topData, long bottomData)
 	{
-		//==================//
-		// create face with //
-		// no adjacent data //
-		//==================//
-		
 		color = ColorUtil.applyShade(color, MC.getShade(direction));
 		
-		// if there isn't any data adjacent to this LOD,
+		if (adjColumnView == null || adjColumnView.size == 0 || RenderDataPointUtil.isVoid(adjColumnView.get(0)))
-		// just add the full vertical quad
-		if (adjColumnView.size == 0 || RenderDataPointUtil.isVoid(adjColumnView.get(0)))
 		{
-			
+			// there isn't any data adjacent to this LOD, add the vertical quad
 			builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, blockLight);
 			return;
 		}
 		
 		
+		int yMax = yMin + ySize;
 		
-		//===========================//
+		int adjIndex;
-		// Determine face visibility //
+		boolean firstFace = true;
-		// based on it's neighbors   //
+		boolean inputAboveAdjLods = true;
-		//===========================//
+		short previousAdjDepth = -1;
+		byte nextTopSkyLight = skyLightTop;
+		boolean inputTransparent = ColorUtil.getAlpha(color) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
+		boolean lastAdjWasTransparent = false;
 		
-		short yMax = (short) (yMin + ySize); // min is inclusive, max is exclusive
-		byte[] skyLightAtInputPos = THREAD_LOCAL_SKY_LIGHT_ARRAY.get();
 		
-		try
+		
+		if (!RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(bottomData))
 		{
-			// set the initial sky-lights for this face,
+			// there isn't anything under this LOD,
-			// if nothing overlaps or overhangs the face should have max sky light
+			// to prevent seeing through the world, make it opaque
-			Arrays.fill(skyLightAtInputPos, yMin, yMax, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT);
+			color = ColorUtil.setAlpha(color, 255);
+		}
+		
+		
+		// Add adjacent faces if this LOD is surrounded by transparent LODs
+		// (prevents invisible sides underwater)
+		int adjCount = adjColumnView.size();
+		for (adjIndex = 0; // iterates top down
+				adjIndex < adjCount
+						&& RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex))
+						&& !RenderDataPointUtil.isVoid(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex));
+				adjIndex++)
+		{
+			long adjPoint = adjColumnView.get(adjIndex);
 			
-			// iterate top down
+			// if the adjacent data point is over the void
-			int adjCount = adjColumnView.size();
+			// don't consider it as transparent
-			for (int adjIndex = 0; adjIndex < adjCount; adjIndex++)
+			// FIXME this transparency change should be applied before this point since this could affect other areas
+			boolean adjOverVoid = false;
+			if (adjIndex > 0)
 			{
-				long adjPoint = adjColumnView.get(adjIndex);
+				long adjBellowPoint = adjColumnView.get(adjIndex-1);
-				short adjMinY = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(adjPoint);
+				adjOverVoid = !RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(adjBellowPoint);	
-				short adjMaxY = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(adjPoint);
+			}
+			boolean adjTransparent = !adjOverVoid && RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(adjPoint) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
+			
+			
+			// continue if this data point is transparent or the adjacent point is not 
+			if (inputTransparent || !adjTransparent) // TODO inputIsTransparent may be unnecessary
+			{
+				short adjYMin = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(adjPoint);
+				short adjYMax = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(adjPoint);
 				
-				// skip empty adjacent datapoints
+				
-				if (!RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(adjPoint)
+				// if fake transparency is enabled, allow for 1 block of transparency,
-						|| RenderDataPointUtil.isVoid(adjPoint))
+				// everything under that should be opaque
+				if (LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled && LodRenderer.fakeOceanFloor)
 				{
-					continue;
+					if (lastAdjWasTransparent && !adjTransparent)
-				}
-				
-				// skip this adjacent datapoint if it's above the input datapoint (since it can't affect the input data point)
-				if (yMax <= adjMinY)
-				{
-					continue;
-				}
-				
-				
-				long adjAbovePoint = (adjIndex != 0) ? adjColumnView.get(adjIndex - 1) : RenderDataPointUtil.EMPTY_DATA;
-				long adjBelowPoint = (adjIndex + 1 < adjCount) ? adjColumnView.get(adjIndex + 1) : RenderDataPointUtil.EMPTY_DATA;
-				
-				// if the adjacent data point is over the void
-				// don't consider it as transparent
-				boolean adjOverVoid = !RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(adjBelowPoint);
-				boolean adjTransparent = !adjOverVoid && RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(adjPoint) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
-				
-				
-				
-				//=================================//
-				// set sky light based on adjacent //
-				//=================================//
-				
-				// set light based on overlapping adjacent
-				if (!adjTransparent)
-				{
-					// adj opaque
-					// mark positions adjacent is covering
-					byte adjSkyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint);
-					for (int i = adjMinY; i < adjMaxY; i++)
 					{
-						byte skyLightAtPos = skyLightAtInputPos[i];
+						adjYMax = (short) (RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex - 1)) - 1);
-						
-						// if the adjacent is a different detail level, we want to render adjacent opaque
-						// faces to try and reduce the chance of holes on detail level borders
-						boolean adjacentCoversThis = 
-								// if the adjacent is the same detail level, no special handling is necessary
-								!adjacentIsSameDetailLevel
-								// if the adjacent face is underground we probably don't need it
-								&& RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(adjPoint) >= caveCullingMaxY
-								// check if this face is on a border
-								&& 
-								(
-									(x == 0 && direction == EDhDirection.WEST)
-									|| (z == 0 && direction == EDhDirection.NORTH)
-									// TODO why does 256 represent a border? aren't LODs only 64 datapoints wide?
-									|| (x == 256 && direction == EDhDirection.EAST)
-									|| (z == 256 && direction == EDhDirection.SOUTH)
-								);
-						
-						byte newSkyLightAtPos = adjacentCoversThis ? adjSkyLight : SKYLIGHT_COVERED;
-						skyLightAtInputPos[i] = (byte) Math.min(newSkyLightAtPos, skyLightAtPos);
 					}
+					else if (adjTransparent && (adjIndex + 1) < adjCount)
+					{
+						if (RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex + 1)) == 255)
+						{
+							adjYMin = (short) (adjYMax - 1);
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				
+				
+				if (yMax <= adjYMin)
+				{
+					// the adjacent LOD is above the input LOD and won't affect its rendering,
+					// skip to the next adjacent
+					continue;
+				}
+				inputAboveAdjLods = false;
+				
+				
+				if (adjYMax < yMin)
+				{
+					// the adjacent LOD is below the input LOD
+					
+					// getting the skylight is more complicated
+					// since LODs can be adjacent to water, which changes how skylight works
+					byte skyLight;
+					if (adjIndex == 0)
+					{
+						// this adj LOD is at the highest position,
+						// its sky lighting won't be affected by anything above it
+						skyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint);
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// TODO improve the comments here, this is a bit confusing
+						long aboveAdjPoint = adjColumnView.get(adjIndex - 1);
+						if (RenderDataPointUtil.getAlpha(aboveAdjPoint) != 255)
+						{
+							// above adjacent LOD is transparent...
+							
+							boolean inputMaxHigherThanAboveAdj = yMax > RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(aboveAdjPoint);
+							if (inputMaxHigherThanAboveAdj)
+							{
+								// ...and higher than the input yMax,
+								// use its sky light
+								skyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(aboveAdjPoint);
+							}
+							else
+							{
+								// ...and at or below the input yMax,
+								skyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint);
+							}
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							// LOD above adjacent is opaque, use the adj LOD's skylight
+							skyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint);
+						}
+					}
+					
+					
+					if (firstFace)
+					{
+						builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLight, blockLight);
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// Now: adjMaxHeight < y < previousAdjDepth < yMax
+						if (previousAdjDepth == -1)
+						{
+							// TODO why is this an error?
+							throw new RuntimeException("Loop error");
+						}
+						
+						builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (previousAdjDepth - yMin), color, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLight, blockLight);
+						
+						previousAdjDepth = -1;
+					}
+					
+					
+					// TODO why break here?
+					break;
+				}
+				
+				
+				if (adjYMin <= yMin)
+				{
+					// the adjacent LOD's base is at or below the input's base
+					
+					if (yMax <= adjYMax)
+					{
+						// The input face is completely inside the adj's face, don't render it
+						if (debugOverlapColor != 0)
+						{
+							builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, ySize, debugOverlapColor, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT);
+						}
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// the adj data intersects the lower part of the input data, don't render below the intersection
+						
+						if (adjYMax > yMin && debugOverlapColor != 0)
+						{
+							builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (adjYMax - yMin), debugOverlapColor, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT);
+						}
+						
+						// if this is the only face, use the yMax and break,
+						// if there was another face finish the last one and then break
+						if (firstFace)
+						{
+							builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMax, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (yMax - adjYMax), color, irisBlockMaterialId,
+									RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint), blockLight);
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							// Now: depth <= y <= height <= previousAdjDepth < yMax
+							if (previousAdjDepth == -1)
+							{
+								// TODO why is this an error?
+								throw new RuntimeException("Loop error");
+							}
+							
+							if (previousAdjDepth > adjYMax)
+							{
+								builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMax, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (previousAdjDepth - adjYMax), color, irisBlockMaterialId,
+										RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint), blockLight);
+							}
+							previousAdjDepth = -1;
+						}
+					}
+					
+					
+					// we don't need to check any other adjacent LODs 
+					// since this one completely covers the input
+					break;
+				}
+				
+				
+				
+				// In here always true: y < adjYMin < yMax
+				// _________________&&: y < ________ (height and yMax)
+				
+				if (adjYMax >= yMax)
+				{
+					// Basically: y _______ < yMax <= height
+					// _______&&: y < depth < yMax
+					// the adj data intersects the higher part of the current data
+					if (debugOverlapColor != 0)
+					{
+						builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMin, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (yMax - adjYMin), debugOverlapColor, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT);
+					}
+					
+					// we start the creation of a new face
 				}
 				else
 				{
-					// adjacent is transparent,
+					// Otherwise: y < _____ height < yMax
-					// use datapoint below adjacent for lighting
+					// _______&&: y < depth ______ < yMax
-					byte belowSkyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjBelowPoint);
+					if (debugOverlapColor != 0)
-					for (int i = adjMinY; i < adjMaxY; i++)
 					{
-						byte skyLightAtPos = skyLightAtInputPos[i];
+						builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMin, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (adjYMax - adjYMin), debugOverlapColor, irisBlockMaterialId, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT, LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT);
-						skyLightAtInputPos[i] = (byte) Math.min(belowSkyLight, skyLightAtPos);
+					}
+					
+					if (firstFace)
+					{
+						builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMax, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (yMax - adjYMax), color, irisBlockMaterialId,
+								RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint), blockLight);
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						// Now: y < depth < height <= previousAdjDepth < yMax
+						if (previousAdjDepth == -1)
+							throw new RuntimeException("Loop error");
+						if (previousAdjDepth > adjYMax)
+						{
+							if (irisBlockMaterialId == EDhApiBlockMaterial.GRASS.index)
+							{
+								// this LOD is underneath another, grass will never show here
+								irisBlockMaterialId = EDhApiBlockMaterial.DIRT.index;
+							}
+							
+							builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, adjYMax, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (previousAdjDepth - adjYMax), color, irisBlockMaterialId,
+									RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint), blockLight);
+						}
+						previousAdjDepth = -1;
 					}
 				}
 				
 				
-				// fill in sky light up to the next DP,
+				// set next top as current depth
-				// this is done to handle overhangs
+				previousAdjDepth = adjYMin;
-				byte adjSkyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjPoint);
+				firstFace = false;
-				int adjAboveMinY = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(adjAbovePoint);
+				nextTopSkyLight = skyLightTop;
-				for (int i = adjMaxY; i < adjAboveMinY; i++)
+				
+				if (adjIndex + 1 < adjColumnView.size() && RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex + 1)))
 				{
-					byte skyLightAtPos = skyLightAtInputPos[i];
+					nextTopSkyLight = RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(adjColumnView.get(adjIndex + 1));
-					skyLightAtInputPos[i] = (byte) Math.min(adjSkyLight, skyLightAtPos);
-				}
-			}
-			
-			
-			
-			//=======================//
-			// create vertical faces //
-			//=======================//
-			
-			boolean inputTransparent = ColorUtil.getAlpha(color) < 255 && LodRenderer.transparencyEnabled;
-			byte lastSkyLight = skyLightAtInputPos[yMin];
-			int quadBottomY = yMin;
-			int quadTopY = -1;
-			
-			// walk up the sky lights and create a new face
-			// whenever the light changes to different valid value
-			for (int i = yMin; i < yMax; i++)
-			{
-				byte skyLight = skyLightAtInputPos[i];
-				if (skyLight != lastSkyLight)
-				{
-					// the sky light changed, create the in-progress face
-					tryAddVerticalFaceWithSkyLightToBuilder(
-							builder, direction,
-							x, z, horizontalWidth,
-							color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight,
-							lastSkyLight, inputTransparent, quadTopY, quadBottomY
-					);
-					
-					lastSkyLight = skyLight;
-					quadBottomY = i;
 				}
 				
-				quadTopY = (i + 1);
+				lastAdjWasTransparent = adjTransparent;
-			}
-			
-			// add the in-progress face if present
-			if (quadTopY != -1)
-			{
-				tryAddVerticalFaceWithSkyLightToBuilder(
-						builder, direction,
-						x, z, horizontalWidth,
-						color, irisBlockMaterialId, blockLight,
-						lastSkyLight, inputTransparent, quadTopY, quadBottomY
-				);
 			}
 		}
-		finally
+		
+		
+		
+		if (inputAboveAdjLods)
 		{
-			// clean up the array before the next thread uses it
+			// the input LOD is above all adjacent LODs and won't be affected
-			// (may be unnecessary since we only work between the yMin-yMax anyway, but is helpful for debugging)
+			// by them, add the vertical quad using the input's lighting and height
-			Arrays.fill(skyLightAtInputPos, yMin, yMax, SKYLIGHT_EMPTY);
+			builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, ySize, color, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLightTop, blockLight);
+		}
+		else if (previousAdjDepth != -1)
+		{
+			// We need to finish the last quad.
+			builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, yMin, z, horizontalWidth, (short) (previousAdjDepth - yMin), color, irisBlockMaterialId, nextTopSkyLight, blockLight);
 		}
 	}
-	private static void tryAddVerticalFaceWithSkyLightToBuilder(
-			LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhDirection direction,
-			short x, short z, short horizontalWidth,
-			int color, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte blockLight,
-			byte lastSkyLight, boolean inputTransparent, int quadTopY, int quadBottomY
-			)
-	{
-		// invalid positions will have a negative skylight
-		if (lastSkyLight >= 0)
-		{
-			// Don't add transparent vertical faces
-			// unless the adjacent position is empty.
-			// This is done to prevent walls between water blocks in the ocean.
-			if (!inputTransparent
-				|| (lastSkyLight == LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT))
-			{
-				// don't add negative/empty height faces
-				short height = (short) (quadTopY - quadBottomY);
-				if (height > 0)
-				{
-					builder.addQuadAdj(direction, x, (short) quadBottomY, z, horizontalWidth, height, color, irisBlockMaterialId, lastSkyLight, blockLight);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	
-	
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/ColumnRenderBuffer.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding;
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.DhApi;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.methods.events.sharedParameterObjects.DhApiRenderParam;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dependencyInjection.SingletonInjector;
@@ -31,12 +30,12 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.LodRenderer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.objects.StatsMap;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiGpuUploadMethod;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.*;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 
 /**
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 	/** Should be run on a DH thread. */
 	public void uploadBuffer(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod gpuUploadMethod) throws InterruptedException
 	{
-		LodUtil.assertTrue(DhApi.isDhThread(), "Buffer uploading needs to be done on a DH thread to prevent locking up any MC threads.");
+		LodUtil.assertTrue(Thread.currentThread().getName().startsWith(ThreadUtil.THREAD_NAME_PREFIX), "Buffer uploading needs to be done on a DH thread to prevent locking up any MC threads.");
 		
 		
 		// upload on MC's render thread
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 		{
 			try
 			{
-				this.uploadBuffers(builder, gpuUploadMethod);
+				this.uploadBuffersUsingUploadMethod(builder, gpuUploadMethod);
 				uploadFuture.complete(null);
 			}
 			catch (InterruptedException e)
@@ -127,46 +126,72 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 			//LOGGER.warn("Error uploading builder ["+builder+"] synchronously. Error: "+e.getMessage(), e);
 		}
 	}
-	private void uploadBuffers(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method) throws InterruptedException
+	private void uploadBuffersUsingUploadMethod(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod gpuUploadMethod) throws InterruptedException
 	{
-		// uploading mapped buffers used to be done here,
+		if (gpuUploadMethod.useEarlyMapping)
-		// however due to a memory leak and complication with the previous code,
+		{
-		// now we only allow direct uploading.
+			this.uploadBuffersMapped(builder, gpuUploadMethod);
-		// (There's also insufficient data to state whether mapped buffers are necessary
+		}
-		// for DH to upload without stuttering the main thread)
+		else
-		
+		{
-		this.vbos = makeAndUploadBuffers(builder, method, this.vbos, builder.makeOpaqueVertexBuffers());
+			this.uploadBuffersDirect(builder, gpuUploadMethod);
-		this.vbosTransparent = makeAndUploadBuffers(builder, method, this.vbosTransparent, builder.makeTransparentVertexBuffers());
+		}
 		
 		this.buffersUploaded = true;
 	}
-	/** This resizes and returns the vbo array if necessary based on the amount of data needed for this area. */
+	
-	private static GLVertexBuffer[] makeAndUploadBuffers(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method, GLVertexBuffer[] vbos, ArrayList<ByteBuffer> buffers) throws InterruptedException
+	
+	
+	private void uploadBuffersMapped(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method)
 	{
-		try
+		// opaque vbos //
+		
+		this.vbos = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.resizeBuffer(this.vbos, builder.getCurrentNeededOpaqueVertexBufferCount());
+		for (int i = 0; i < this.vbos.length; i++)
 		{
-			vbos = resizeBuffer(vbos, buffers.size());
+			if (this.vbos[i] == null)
-			uploadBuffersDirect(vbos, buffers, method);
-		}
-		finally
-		{
-			// all the buffers must be manually freed to prevent memory leaks
-			if (buffers != null)
 			{
-				for (ByteBuffer buffer : buffers)
+				this.vbos[i] = new GLVertexBuffer(method.useBufferStorage);
-				{
-					MemoryUtil.memFree(buffer);
-				}
 			}
 		}
+		LodQuadBuilder.BufferFiller func = builder.makeOpaqueBufferFiller(method);
+		for (GLVertexBuffer vbo : this.vbos)
+		{
+			func.fill(vbo);
+		}
 		
-		// return the array in case it was resized
+		
-		return vbos;
+		// transparent vbos //
+		
+		this.vbosTransparent = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.resizeBuffer(this.vbosTransparent, builder.getCurrentNeededTransparentVertexBufferCount());
+		for (int i = 0; i < this.vbosTransparent.length; i++)
+		{
+			if (this.vbosTransparent[i] == null)
+			{
+				this.vbosTransparent[i] = new GLVertexBuffer(method.useBufferStorage);
+			}
+		}
+		LodQuadBuilder.BufferFiller transparentFillerFunc = builder.makeTransparentBufferFiller(method);
+		for (GLVertexBuffer vbo : this.vbosTransparent)
+		{
+			transparentFillerFunc.fill(vbo);
+		}
 	}
-	private static void uploadBuffersDirect(GLVertexBuffer[] vbos, ArrayList<ByteBuffer> byteBuffers, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method) throws InterruptedException
+	
+	private void uploadBuffersDirect(LodQuadBuilder builder, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method) throws InterruptedException
 	{
+		this.vbos = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.resizeBuffer(this.vbos, builder.getCurrentNeededOpaqueVertexBufferCount());
+		uploadBuffersDirect(this.vbos, builder.makeOpaqueVertexBuffers(), method);
+		
+		this.vbosTransparent = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.resizeBuffer(this.vbosTransparent, builder.getCurrentNeededTransparentVertexBufferCount());
+		uploadBuffersDirect(this.vbosTransparent, builder.makeTransparentVertexBuffers(), method);
+	}
+	private static void uploadBuffersDirect(GLVertexBuffer[] vbos, Iterator<ByteBuffer> iter, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method) throws InterruptedException
+	{
+		long remainingMS = 0;
+		long MBPerMS = Config.Client.Advanced.GpuBuffers.gpuUploadPerMegabyteInMilliseconds.get();
 		int vboIndex = 0;
-		for (int i = 0; i < byteBuffers.size(); i++)
+		while (iter.hasNext())
 		{
 			if (vboIndex >= vbos.length)
 			{
@@ -182,13 +207,13 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 			GLVertexBuffer vbo = vbos[vboIndex];
 			
 			
-			ByteBuffer buffer = byteBuffers.get(i);
+			ByteBuffer bb = iter.next();
-			int size = buffer.limit() - buffer.position();
+			int size = bb.limit() - bb.position();
 			
 			try
 			{
 				vbo.bind();
-				vbo.uploadBuffer(buffer, size / LodUtil.LOD_VERTEX_FORMAT.getByteSize(), method, FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
+				vbo.uploadBuffer(bb, size / LodUtil.LOD_VERTEX_FORMAT.getByteSize(), method, FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
 			}
 			catch (Exception e)
 			{
@@ -197,6 +222,24 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 				LOGGER.error("Failed to upload buffer: ", e);
 			}
 			
+			
+			if (MBPerMS > 0)
+			{
+				// upload buffers over an extended period of time
+				// to hopefully prevent stuttering.
+				remainingMS += size * MBPerMS;
+				if (remainingMS >= TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.convert(1000 / 60, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS))
+				{
+					if (remainingMS > MAX_BUFFER_UPLOAD_TIMEOUT_NANOSECONDS)
+					{
+						remainingMS = MAX_BUFFER_UPLOAD_TIMEOUT_NANOSECONDS;
+					}
+					
+					Thread.sleep(remainingMS / 1000000, (int) (remainingMS % 1000000));
+					remainingMS = 0;
+				}
+			}
+			
 			vboIndex++;
 		}
 		
@@ -275,9 +318,9 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 	
 	
 	
-	//================//
+	//==============//
-	// helper methods //
+	// misc methods //
-	//================//
+	//==============//
 	
 	/** can be used when debugging */
 	public boolean hasNonNullVbos() { return this.vbos != null || this.vbosTransparent != null; }
@@ -323,35 +366,6 @@ public class ColumnRenderBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 		}
 	}
 	
-	public static GLVertexBuffer[] resizeBuffer(GLVertexBuffer[] vbos, int newSize)
-	{
-		if (vbos.length == newSize)
-		{
-			return vbos;
-		}
-		
-		GLVertexBuffer[] newVbos = new GLVertexBuffer[newSize];
-		System.arraycopy(vbos, 0, newVbos, 0, Math.min(vbos.length, newSize));
-		if (newSize < vbos.length)
-		{
-			for (int i = newSize; i < vbos.length; i++)
-			{
-				if (vbos[i] != null)
-				{
-					vbos[i].close();
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return newVbos;
-	}
-	
-	
-	
-	
-	//================//
-	// base overrides //
-	//================//
-	
 	/**
 	 * This method is called when object is no longer in use.
 	 * Called either after uploadBuffers() returned false (On buffer Upload

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding;
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiDebugRendering;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.enums.EDhDirection;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
@@ -30,13 +29,12 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.DhLoggerBuilder;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhBlockPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhSectionPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.GLProxy;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.ColorUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.buffer.GLVertexBuffer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.RenderDataPointUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.objects.UncheckedInterruptedException;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.columnViews.ColumnArrayView;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.threading.ThreadPoolUtil;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.BitShiftUtil;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 
@@ -61,21 +59,21 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 	// vbo building //
 	//==============//
 	
-	public static CompletableFuture<LodQuadBuilder> buildBuffersAsync(
+	public static CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> buildAndUploadBuffersAsync(
 			IDhClientLevel clientLevel,
-			ColumnRenderSource renderSource, ColumnRenderSource[] adjData, boolean[] isSameDetailLevel
+			ColumnRenderSource renderSource, ColumnRenderSource[] adjData)
-		)
 	{
 		ThreadPoolExecutor bufferBuilderExecutor = ThreadPoolUtil.getBufferBuilderExecutor();
-		if (bufferBuilderExecutor == null || bufferBuilderExecutor.isTerminated())
+		ThreadPoolExecutor bufferUploaderExecutor = ThreadPoolUtil.getBufferUploaderExecutor();
+		if ((bufferBuilderExecutor == null || bufferBuilderExecutor.isTerminated()) ||
+			(bufferUploaderExecutor == null || bufferUploaderExecutor.isTerminated()))
 		{
 			// one or more of the thread pools has been shut down
-			CompletableFuture<LodQuadBuilder> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
+			CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
 			future.cancel(true);
 			return future;
 		}
 		
-		
 		try
 		{
 			return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
@@ -83,8 +81,16 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 					try
 					{
 						boolean enableTransparency = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.transparency.get().transparencyEnabled;
+						
+						long builderStartTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+						
 						LodQuadBuilder builder = new LodQuadBuilder(enableTransparency, clientLevel.getClientLevelWrapper());
-						makeLodRenderData(builder, renderSource, clientLevel, adjData, isSameDetailLevel);
+						makeLodRenderData(builder, renderSource, adjData);
+						
+						long builderEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+						long buildMs = builderEndTime - builderStartTime;
+						//LOGGER.debug("RenderRegion end QuadBuild @ " + renderSource.pos + " took: " + buildMs);
+						
 						return builder;
 					}
 					catch (UncheckedInterruptedException e)
@@ -93,42 +99,11 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 					}
 					catch (Throwable e3)
 					{
-						LOGGER.error("LodNodeBufferBuilder was unable to build quads for pos ["+DhSectionPos.toString(renderSource.pos)+"], error: ["+ e3.getMessage()+"].", e3);
+						LOGGER.error("\"LodNodeBufferBuilder\" was unable to build quads: ", e3);
 						throw e3;
 					}
-				}, bufferBuilderExecutor);
+				}, bufferBuilderExecutor)
-		}
+				.thenApplyAsync((quadBuilder) ->
-		catch (RejectedExecutionException ignore)
-		{
-			// the thread pool was probably shut down because it's size is being changed, just wait a sec and it should be back
-			
-			CompletableFuture<LodQuadBuilder> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
-			future.cancel(true);
-			return future;
-		}
-	}
-	
-	/** @link adjData should be null for adjacent sections that cross detail level boundaries */
-	public static CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> uploadBuffersAsync(
-			IDhClientLevel clientLevel,
-			ColumnRenderSource renderSource,
-			LodQuadBuilder quadBuilder
-		)
-	{
-		// TODO put into a single future/thread so it can be easily canceled
-		ThreadPoolExecutor bufferUploaderExecutor = ThreadPoolUtil.getBufferUploaderExecutor();
-		if (bufferUploaderExecutor == null || bufferUploaderExecutor.isTerminated())
-		{
-			// one or more of the thread pools has been shut down
-			CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
-			future.cancel(true);
-			return future;
-		}
-		
-		
-		try
-		{
-			return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
 				{
 					try
 					{
@@ -136,15 +111,8 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 						try
 						{
 							buffer.uploadBuffer(quadBuilder, GLProxy.getInstance().getGpuUploadMethod());
-							if (buffer.buffersUploaded)
+							LodUtil.assertTrue(buffer.buffersUploaded);
-							{
+							return buffer;
-								return buffer;	
-							}
-							else
-							{
-								buffer.close();
-								return null;
-							}
 						}
 						catch (Exception e)
 						{
@@ -158,38 +126,35 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 					}
 					catch (Throwable e3)
 					{
-						LOGGER.error("LodNodeBufferBuilder was unable to upload buffer for pos ["+DhSectionPos.toString(renderSource.pos)+"], error: [" + e3.getMessage() + "].", e3);
+						LOGGER.error("LodNodeBufferBuilder was unable to upload buffer: " + e3.getMessage(), e3);
 						throw e3;
 					}
 				}, bufferUploaderExecutor);
 		}
 		catch (RejectedExecutionException ignore) 
 		{
-			// shouldn't happen, but just in case
+			// the thread pool was probably shut down because it's size is being changed, just wait a sec and it should be back
 			
 			CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
 			future.cancel(true);
 			return future;
 		}
 	}
-	private static void makeLodRenderData(
+	private static void makeLodRenderData(LodQuadBuilder quadBuilder, ColumnRenderSource renderSource, ColumnRenderSource[] adjRegions)
-			LodQuadBuilder quadBuilder, ColumnRenderSource renderSource, IDhClientLevel clientLevel,
-			ColumnRenderSource[] adjRegions, boolean[] isSameDetailLevel)
 	{
-		//=============//
+		// Variable initialization
-		// debug check //
+		EDhApiDebugRendering debugMode = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.debugRendering.get();
-		//=============//
 		
 		// can be used to limit which section positions are build and thus, rendered
 		// useful when debugging a specific section
-		boolean columnBuilderDebugEnabled = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugEnable.get();
+		boolean enableColumnBufferLimit = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugEnable.get();
-		if (columnBuilderDebugEnabled)
+		if (enableColumnBufferLimit)
 		{
 			if (DhSectionPos.getDetailLevel(renderSource.pos) == Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugDetailLevel.get()
 				&& DhSectionPos.getX(renderSource.pos) == Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugXPos.get()
 				&& DhSectionPos.getZ(renderSource.pos) == Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugZPos.get())
 			{
-				int breakpoint = 0;
+				int test = 0;
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -197,22 +162,24 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 			}
 		}
 		
-		
+		byte detailLevel = renderSource.getDataDetailLevel();
-		
+		for (int x = 0; x < ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE; x++)
-		//===================//
-		// build each column //
-		//===================//
-		
-		byte thisDetailLevel = renderSource.getDataDetailLevel();
-		for (int relX = 0; relX < ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE; relX++)
 		{
-			for (int relZ = 0; relZ < ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE; relZ++)
+			for (int z = 0; z < ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE; z++)
 			{
-				// stop the builder if requested
+				// TODO make a config for this
+				// can be uncommented to limit the buffer building to a specific
+				// relative position in this section.
+				// useful for debugging a single column's rendering
+//				if (x != 0 || (z != 0 && z != 1))
+//				{
+//					continue;
+//				}
+				
+				
 				UncheckedInterruptedException.throwIfInterrupted();
 				
-				// ignore empty/null columns
+				ColumnArrayView columnRenderData = renderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(x, z);
-				ColumnArrayView columnRenderData = renderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(relX, relZ);
 				if (columnRenderData.size() == 0
 						|| !RenderDataPointUtil.doesDataPointExist(columnRenderData.get(0))
 						|| RenderDataPointUtil.isVoid(columnRenderData.get(0)))
@@ -220,66 +187,43 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 					continue;
 				}
 				
+				ColumnRenderSource.DebugSourceFlag debugSourceFlag = renderSource.debugGetFlag(x, z);
+				
+				ColumnArrayView[][] adjColumnViews = new ColumnArrayView[4][];
+				// We extract the adj data in the four cardinal direction
+				
+				// we first reset the adjShadeDisabled. This is used to disable the shade on the
+				// border when we have transparent block like water or glass
+				// to avoid having a "darker border" underground
+				// Arrays.fill(adjShadeDisabled, false);
 				
 				
-				//=============//
+				// We check every adj block in each direction
-				// debug limit //
-				//=============//
 				
-				// can be used to limit the buffer building to a specific relative position.
+				// If the adj block is rendered in the same region and with same detail
-				// useful for debugging a single column
+				// and is positioned in a place that is not going to be rendered by vanilla game
-				if (columnBuilderDebugEnabled)
+				// then we can set this position as adj
-				{
+				// We avoid cases where the adjPosition is in player chunk while the position is
-					int wantedX = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugXRow.get();
+				// not
-					if (wantedX >= 0 && relX != wantedX)
+				// to always have a wall underwater
-					{
-						continue;
-					}
-					int wantedZ = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugZRow.get();
-					if (wantedZ >= 0 && relZ != wantedZ)
-					{
-						continue;
-					}
-				}
-				
-				
-				
-				//==================================//
-				// get adjacent render data columns //
-				//==================================//
-				
-				ColumnArrayView[] adjColumnViews = new ColumnArrayView[EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS.length];
 				for (EDhDirection lodDirection : EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS)
 				{
 					try
 					{
-						int xAdj = relX + lodDirection.getNormal().x;
+						int xAdj = x + lodDirection.getNormal().x;
-						int zAdj = relZ + lodDirection.getNormal().z;
+						int zAdj = z + lodDirection.getNormal().z;
-						boolean isCrossRenderSourceBoundary =
+						boolean isCrossRegionBoundary =
 								(xAdj < 0 || xAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE) ||
-								(zAdj < 0 || zAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE);
+										(zAdj < 0 || zAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE);
 						
 						ColumnRenderSource adjRenderSource;
 						byte adjDetailLevel;
 						
-						
+						//we check if the detail of the adjPos is equal to the correct one (region border fix)
-						
+						//or if the detail is wrong by 1 value (region+circle border fix)
-						//=========================//
+						if (isCrossRegionBoundary)
-						// get the adjacent render //
-						// source if present       //
-						//=========================//
-						
-						if (!isCrossRenderSourceBoundary)
 						{
-							// the adjacent position is inside this same render source
+							//we compute at which detail that position should be rendered
-							adjRenderSource = renderSource;
-							adjDetailLevel = thisDetailLevel;
-						}
-						else
-						{
-							// the adjacent position is outside this render source
-							
-							// skip empty sections
 							adjRenderSource = adjRegions[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2];
 							if (adjRenderSource == null)
 							{
@@ -287,70 +231,67 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 							}
 							
 							adjDetailLevel = adjRenderSource.getDataDetailLevel();
-							if (adjDetailLevel == thisDetailLevel)
+							if (adjDetailLevel != detailLevel)
+							{
+								//TODO: Implement this
+							}
+							else
 							{
-								// if the adjacent position is outside this render source,
-								// wrap the position around so it's inside the adjacent source
-								
 								if (xAdj < 0)
-								{
 									xAdj += ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE;
-								}
-								if (xAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE)
-								{
-									xAdj -= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE;
-								}
 								
 								if (zAdj < 0)
-								{
 									zAdj += ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE;
-								}
+								
+								if (xAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE)
+									xAdj -= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE;
+								
 								if (zAdj >= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE)
-								{
 									zAdj -= ColumnRenderSource.SECTION_SIZE;
-								}
 							}
 						}
+						else
+						{
+							adjRenderSource = renderSource;
+							adjDetailLevel = detailLevel;
+						}
 						
+						if (adjDetailLevel < detailLevel - 1 || adjDetailLevel > detailLevel + 1)
+						{
+							continue;
+						}
 						
-						
+						if (adjDetailLevel == detailLevel || adjDetailLevel > detailLevel)
-						//========================//
+						{
-						// get the adjacent views //
+							adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2] = new ColumnArrayView[1];
-						//========================//
+							adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2][0] = adjRenderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(xAdj, zAdj);
-						
+						}
-						// the old logic handled additional cases, but they never appeared to fire,
+						else
-						// so just these two cases should be fine
+						{
-						LodUtil.assertTrue(adjDetailLevel == thisDetailLevel || adjDetailLevel > thisDetailLevel);
+							adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2] = new ColumnArrayView[2];
-						
+							adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2][0] = adjRenderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(xAdj, zAdj);
-						adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2] = adjRenderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(xAdj, zAdj);
+							adjColumnViews[lodDirection.ordinal() - 2][1] = adjRenderSource.getVerticalDataPointView(
+									xAdj + (lodDirection.getAxis() == EDhDirection.Axis.X ? 0 : 1),
+									zAdj + (lodDirection.getAxis() == EDhDirection.Axis.Z ? 0 : 1));
+						}
 					}
 					catch (RuntimeException e)
 					{
-						EVENT_LOGGER.warn("Failed to get adj data for relative pos: [" + thisDetailLevel + ":" + relX + "," + relZ + "] at [" + lodDirection + "], Error: "+e.getMessage(), e);
+						EVENT_LOGGER.warn("Failed to get adj data for [" + detailLevel + ":" + x + "," + z + "] at [" + lodDirection + "], Error: "+e.getMessage(), e);
 					}
 				} // for adjacent directions
 				
 				
-				
-				//==========================//
-				// build this render column //
-				//==========================//
-				
-				ColumnRenderSource.DebugSourceFlag debugSourceFlag = renderSource.debugGetFlag(relX, relZ);
-				
 				// We render every vertical lod present in this position
 				// We only stop when we find a block that is void or non-existing block
 				for (int i = 0; i < columnRenderData.size(); i++)
 				{
+					// TODO make a config for this
 					// can be uncommented to limit which vertical LOD is generated
-					if (Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugEnable.get())
+//					if (i != 0)
-					{
+//					{
-						int wantedColumnIndex = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.columnBuilderDebugColumnIndex.get();
+//						continue;
-						if (wantedColumnIndex >= 0 && i != wantedColumnIndex)
+//					}
-						{
-							continue;
-						}
-					}
 					
 					long data = columnRenderData.get(i);
 					// If the data is not render-able (Void or non-existing) we stop since there is
@@ -363,12 +304,8 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 					long topDataPoint = (i - 1) >= 0 ? columnRenderData.get(i - 1) : RenderDataPointUtil.EMPTY_DATA;
 					long bottomDataPoint = (i + 1) < columnRenderData.size() ? columnRenderData.get(i + 1) : RenderDataPointUtil.EMPTY_DATA;
 					
-					addLodToBuffer(
+					CubicLodTemplate.addLodToBuffer(data, topDataPoint, bottomDataPoint, adjColumnViews, detailLevel,
-							clientLevel,
+							x, z, quadBuilder, debugMode, debugSourceFlag);
-							data, topDataPoint, bottomDataPoint, 
-							adjColumnViews, isSameDetailLevel,
-							thisDetailLevel, relX, relZ, 
-							quadBuilder, debugSourceFlag);
 				}
 				
 			}// for z
@@ -376,147 +313,33 @@ public class ColumnRenderBufferBuilder
 		
 		quadBuilder.finalizeData();
 	}
-	private static void addLodToBuffer(
+	
-			IDhClientLevel clientLevel,
+	
-			long data, long topData, long bottomData, 
+	
-			ColumnArrayView[] adjColumnViews, boolean[] isSameDetailLevel,
+	//=================//
-			byte detailLevel, int renderSourceOffsetPosX, int renderSourceOffsetPosZ, 
+	// vbo interaction //
-			LodQuadBuilder quadBuilder, ColumnRenderSource.DebugSourceFlag debugSource)
+	//=================//
+	
+	public static GLVertexBuffer[] resizeBuffer(GLVertexBuffer[] vbos, int newSize)
 	{
-		long sectionPos = DhSectionPos.encode(detailLevel, renderSourceOffsetPosX, renderSourceOffsetPosZ);
+		if (vbos.length == newSize)
-		
-		short width = (short) BitShiftUtil.powerOfTwo(detailLevel);
-		short x = (short) DhSectionPos.getMinCornerBlockX(sectionPos);
-		short yMin = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(data);
-		short z = (short) DhSectionPos.getMinCornerBlockZ(sectionPos);
-		short ySize = (short) (RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(data) - yMin);
-		
-		if (ySize == 0)
 		{
-			return;
+			return vbos;
-		}
-		else if (ySize < 0)
-		{
-			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative y size for the data! Data: [" + RenderDataPointUtil.toString(data) + "].");
 		}
 		
-		byte blockMaterialId = RenderDataPointUtil.getBlockMaterialId(data);
+		GLVertexBuffer[] newVbos = new GLVertexBuffer[newSize];
-		
+		System.arraycopy(vbos, 0, newVbos, 0, Math.min(vbos.length, newSize));
-		
+		if (newSize < vbos.length)
-		
-		int color;
-		boolean fullBright = false;
-		EDhApiDebugRendering debugging = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.debugRendering.get();
-		switch (debugging)
 		{
-			case OFF:
+			for (int i = newSize; i < vbos.length; i++)
 			{
-				float saturationMultiplier = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.saturationMultiplier.get().floatValue();
+				if (vbos[i] != null)
-				float brightnessMultiplier = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.brightnessMultiplier.get().floatValue();
-				if (saturationMultiplier == 1.0 && brightnessMultiplier == 1.0)
 				{
-					color = RenderDataPointUtil.getColor(data);
+					vbos[i].close();
 				}
-				else
-				{
-					float[] ahsv = ColorUtil.argbToAhsv(RenderDataPointUtil.getColor(data));
-					color = ColorUtil.ahsvToArgb(ahsv[0], ahsv[1], ahsv[2] * saturationMultiplier, ahsv[3] * brightnessMultiplier);
-				}
-				break;
 			}
-			case SHOW_DETAIL:
-			{
-				color = LodUtil.DEBUG_DETAIL_LEVEL_COLORS[detailLevel];
-				fullBright = true;
-				break;
-			}
-			case SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL:
-			{
-				
-				switch (EDhApiBlockMaterial.getFromIndex(blockMaterialId))
-				{
-					case UNKNOWN:
-					case AIR: // shouldn't normally be rendered, but just in case
-						color = ColorUtil.HOT_PINK;
-						break;
-					
-					case LEAVES:
-						color = ColorUtil.DARK_GREEN;
-						break;
-					case STONE:
-						color = ColorUtil.GRAY;
-						break;
-					case WOOD:
-						color = ColorUtil.BROWN;
-						break;
-					case METAL:
-						color = ColorUtil.DARK_GRAY;
-						break;
-					case DIRT:
-						color = ColorUtil.LIGHT_BROWN;
-						break;
-					case LAVA:
-						color = ColorUtil.ORANGE;
-						break;
-					case DEEPSLATE:
-						color = ColorUtil.BLACK;
-						break;
-					case SNOW:
-						color = ColorUtil.WHITE;
-						break;
-					case SAND:
-						color = ColorUtil.TAN;
-						break;
-					case TERRACOTTA:
-						color = ColorUtil.DARK_ORANGE;
-						break;
-					case NETHER_STONE:
-						color = ColorUtil.DARK_RED;
-						break;
-					case WATER:
-						color = ColorUtil.BLUE;
-						break;
-					case GRASS:
-						color = ColorUtil.GREEN;
-						break;
-					case ILLUMINATED:
-						color = ColorUtil.YELLOW;
-						break;
-					
-					default:
-						// undefined color
-						color = ColorUtil.CYAN;
-						break;
-				}
-				
-				fullBright = true;
-				break;
-			}
-			case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS:
-			{
-				color = ColorUtil.WHITE;
-				fullBright = true;
-				break;
-			}
-			case SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG:
-			{
-				color = debugSource == null ? ColorUtil.RED : debugSource.color;
-				fullBright = true;
-				break;
-			}
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown debug mode: " + debugging);
 		}
-		
+		return newVbos;
-		ColumnBox.addBoxQuadsToBuilder(
-				quadBuilder, clientLevel,
-				width, ySize, width,
-				x, yMin, z,
-				color,
-				blockMaterialId,
-				RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(data),
-				fullBright ? 15 : RenderDataPointUtil.getLightBlock(data),
-				topData, bottomData, adjColumnViews, isSameDetailLevel);
 	}
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/CubicLodTemplate.java

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ *    This file is part of the Distant Horizons mod
+ *    licensed under the GNU LGPL v3 License.
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020-2023 James Seibel
+ *
+ *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding;
+
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.ColumnRenderSource;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhLodPos;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.ColorUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.RenderDataPointUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiDebugRendering;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.columnViews.ColumnArrayView;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.block.IBlockStateWrapper;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.BitShiftUtil;
+
+/**
+ * Builds LODs as rectangular prisms.
+ *
+ * @author James Seibel
+ * @version 2022-1-2
+ */
+public class CubicLodTemplate
+{
+	
+	public static void addLodToBuffer(
+			long data, long topData, long bottomData, ColumnArrayView[][] adjColumnViews,
+			byte detailLevel, int offsetPosX, int offsetOosZ, LodQuadBuilder quadBuilder,
+			EDhApiDebugRendering debugging, ColumnRenderSource.DebugSourceFlag debugSource)
+	{
+		DhLodPos blockOffsetPos = new DhLodPos(detailLevel, offsetPosX, offsetOosZ).convertToDetailLevel(LodUtil.BLOCK_DETAIL_LEVEL);
+		
+		short width = (short) BitShiftUtil.powerOfTwo(detailLevel);
+		short x = (short) blockOffsetPos.x;
+		short yMin = RenderDataPointUtil.getYMin(data);
+		short z = (short) (short) blockOffsetPos.z;
+		short ySize = (short) (RenderDataPointUtil.getYMax(data) - yMin);
+		
+		if (ySize == 0)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		else if (ySize < 0)
+		{
+			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative y size for the data! Data: " + RenderDataPointUtil.toString(data));
+		}
+		
+		byte blockMaterialId = RenderDataPointUtil.getBlockMaterialId(data);
+		
+		
+		
+		int color;
+		boolean fullBright = false;
+		switch (debugging)
+		{
+			case OFF:
+			{
+				float saturationMultiplier = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.saturationMultiplier.get().floatValue();
+				float brightnessMultiplier = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.brightnessMultiplier.get().floatValue();
+				if (saturationMultiplier == 1.0 && brightnessMultiplier == 1.0)
+				{
+					color = RenderDataPointUtil.getColor(data);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					float[] ahsv = ColorUtil.argbToAhsv(RenderDataPointUtil.getColor(data));
+					color = ColorUtil.ahsvToArgb(ahsv[0], ahsv[1], ahsv[2] * saturationMultiplier, ahsv[3] * brightnessMultiplier);
+					//ApiShared.LOGGER.info("Raw color:[{}], AHSV:{}, Out color:[{}]",
+					//		ColorUtil.toString(DataPointUtil.getColor(data)),
+					//		ahsv, ColorUtil.toString(color));
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			case SHOW_DETAIL:
+			{
+				color = LodUtil.DEBUG_DETAIL_LEVEL_COLORS[detailLevel];
+				fullBright = true;
+				break;
+			}
+			case SHOW_BLOCK_MATERIAL:
+			{
+				
+				color = switch (EDhApiBlockMaterial.getFromIndex(blockMaterialId))
+				{
+					case UNKNOWN, AIR -> // shouldn't normally be rendered, but just in case
+							ColorUtil.HOT_PINK;
+					case LEAVES -> ColorUtil.DARK_GREEN;
+					case STONE -> ColorUtil.GRAY;
+					case WOOD -> ColorUtil.BROWN;
+					case METAL -> ColorUtil.DARK_GRAY;
+					case DIRT -> ColorUtil.LIGHT_BROWN;
+					case LAVA -> ColorUtil.ORANGE;
+					case DEEPSLATE -> ColorUtil.BLACK;
+					case SNOW -> ColorUtil.WHITE;
+					case SAND -> ColorUtil.TAN;
+					case TERRACOTTA -> ColorUtil.DARK_ORANGE;
+					case NETHER_STONE -> ColorUtil.DARK_RED;
+					case WATER -> ColorUtil.BLUE;
+					case GRASS -> ColorUtil.GREEN;
+					case ILLUMINATED -> ColorUtil.YELLOW;
+					default ->
+						// undefined color
+							ColorUtil.CYAN;
+				};
+				
+				fullBright = true;
+				break;
+			}
+			case SHOW_OVERLAPPING_QUADS:
+			{
+				color = ColorUtil.WHITE;
+				fullBright = true;
+				break;
+			}
+			case SHOW_RENDER_SOURCE_FLAG:
+			{
+				color = debugSource == null ? ColorUtil.RED : debugSource.color;
+				fullBright = true;
+				break;
+			}
+			default:
+				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown debug mode: " + debugging);
+		}
+		
+		ColumnBox.addBoxQuadsToBuilder(
+				quadBuilder, // buffer
+				width, ySize, width, // setWidth
+				x, yMin, z, // setOffset
+				color, // setColor
+				blockMaterialId, // irisBlockMaterialId
+				RenderDataPointUtil.getLightSky(data), // setSkyLights
+				fullBright ? 15 : RenderDataPointUtil.getLightBlock(data), // setBlockLights
+				topData, bottomData, adjColumnViews); // setAdjData
+	}
+	
+}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/bufferBuilding/LodQuadBuilder.java

@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftCli
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IClientLevelWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.MathUtil;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+
+//TODO: Recheck this class for refactoring
 
 /**
  * Used to create the quads before they are converted to render-able buffers. <br><br>
@@ -50,6 +51,11 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = DhLoggerBuilder.getLogger();
 	private static final IMinecraftClientWrapper MC = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IMinecraftClientWrapper.class);
 	
+	@Deprecated
+	public final boolean skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight;
+	@Deprecated
+	public final short skyLightCullingBelow;
+	
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 	private final ArrayList<BufferQuad>[] opaqueQuads = (ArrayList<BufferQuad>[]) new ArrayList[6];
 	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -128,6 +134,8 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 			this.transparentQuads[i] = new ArrayList<>();
 		}
 		
+		this.skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight = false;
+		this.skyLightCullingBelow = 0;
 		this.clientLevelWrapper = clientLevelWrapper;
 		
 		this.debugRenderingMode = Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.debugRendering.get();
@@ -151,12 +159,17 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("addQuadAdj() is only for adj direction! Not UP or Down!");
 		}
 		
+		if (this.skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight && skyLight == 0 && y + widthNorthSouthOrUpDown < this.skyLightCullingBelow)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		
 		BufferQuad quad = new BufferQuad(x, y, z, widthEastWest, widthNorthSouthOrUpDown, color, irisBlockMaterialId, skyLight, blockLight, dir);
 		ArrayList<BufferQuad> quadList = (this.doTransparency && ColorUtil.getAlpha(color) < 255) ? this.transparentQuads[dir.ordinal()] : this.opaqueQuads[dir.ordinal()];
 		if (!quadList.isEmpty() &&
 				(
-						quadList.get(quadList.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
+						quadList.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
-								|| quadList.get(quadList.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
+								|| quadList.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
 		)
 		{
 			this.premergeCount++;
@@ -169,6 +182,12 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 	// XZ
 	public void addQuadUp(short x, short maxY, short z, short widthEastWest, short widthNorthSouthOrUpDown, int color, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte skylight, byte blocklight) // TODO argument names are wrong
 	{
+		// cave culling
+		if (this.skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight && skylight == 0 && maxY < this.skyLightCullingBelow)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		
 		BufferQuad quad = new BufferQuad(x, maxY, z, widthEastWest, widthNorthSouthOrUpDown, color, irisBlockMaterialId, skylight, blocklight, EDhDirection.UP);
 		boolean isTransparent = (this.doTransparency && ColorUtil.getAlpha(color) < 255);
 		ArrayList<BufferQuad> quadList = isTransparent ? this.transparentQuads[EDhDirection.UP.ordinal()] : this.opaqueQuads[EDhDirection.UP.ordinal()];
@@ -177,8 +196,8 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 		// attempt to merge this quad with adjacent ones
 		if (!quadList.isEmpty() &&
 				(
-					quadList.get(quadList.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
+					quadList.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
-					|| quadList.get(quadList.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
+					|| quadList.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
 			)
 		{
 			this.premergeCount++;
@@ -190,13 +209,15 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 	
 	public void addQuadDown(short x, short y, short z, short width, short wz, int color, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte skylight, byte blocklight)
 	{
+		if (skipQuadsWithZeroSkylight && skylight == 0 && y < skyLightCullingBelow)
+			return;
 		BufferQuad quad = new BufferQuad(x, y, z, width, wz, color, irisBlockMaterialId, skylight, blocklight, EDhDirection.DOWN);
 		ArrayList<BufferQuad> qs = (doTransparency && ColorUtil.getAlpha(color) < 255)
 				? transparentQuads[EDhDirection.DOWN.ordinal()] : opaqueQuads[EDhDirection.DOWN.ordinal()];
-		if (!qs.isEmpty()
+		if (!qs.isEmpty() &&
-				&& (qs.get(qs.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
+				(qs.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest)
-						|| qs.get(qs.size() - 1).tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
+						|| qs.getLast().tryMerge(quad, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown))
-			)
+		)
 		{
 			premergeCount++;
 			return;
@@ -206,124 +227,10 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 	
 	
 	
-	//=================//
-	// data finalizing //
-	//=================//
-	
-	/** runs any final data cleanup, merging, etc. */
-	public void finalizeData() { this.mergeQuads(); }
-	
-	/** Uses Greedy meshing to merge this builder's Quads. */
-	public void mergeQuads()
-	{
-		long mergeCount = 0; // can be used for debugging
-		long preQuadsCount = this.getCurrentOpaqueQuadsCount() + this.getCurrentTransparentQuadsCount();
-		if (preQuadsCount <= 1)
-		{
-			return;
-		}
-		
-		for (int directionIndex = 0; directionIndex < 6; directionIndex++)
-		{
-			mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.opaqueQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest);
-			if (this.doTransparency)
-			{
-				mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.transparentQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest);
-			}
-			
-			
-			// only run the second merge if the face is the top or bottom
-			if (directionIndex == EDhDirection.UP.ordinal() || directionIndex == EDhDirection.DOWN.ordinal())
-			{
-				mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.opaqueQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown);
-				if (this.doTransparency)
-				{
-					mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.transparentQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		
-		//long postQuadsCount = this.getCurrentOpaqueQuadsCount() + this.getCurrentTransparentQuadsCount();
-		//LOGGER.trace("Merged "+mergeCount+"/"+preQuadsCount+"("+(mergeCount / (double) preQuadsCount)+") quads");
-	}
-	
-	/** Merges all of this builder's quads for the given directionIndex (up, down, left, etc.) in the given direction */
-	private static long mergeQuadsInternal(ArrayList<BufferQuad>[] list, int directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum mergeDirection)
-	{
-		if (list[directionIndex].size() <= 1)
-			return 0;
-		
-		list[directionIndex].sort((objOne, objTwo) -> objOne.compare(objTwo, mergeDirection));
-		
-		long mergeCount = 0;
-		ListIterator<BufferQuad> iter = list[directionIndex].listIterator();
-		BufferQuad currentQuad = iter.next();
-		while (iter.hasNext())
-		{
-			BufferQuad nextQuad = iter.next();
-			
-			if (currentQuad.tryMerge(nextQuad, mergeDirection))
-			{
-				// merge successful, attempt to merge the next quad
-				mergeCount++;
-				iter.set(null);
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				// merge fail, move on to the next quad
-				currentQuad = nextQuad;
-			}
-		}
-		list[directionIndex].removeIf(Objects::isNull);
-		return mergeCount;
-	}
-	
-	
-	
 	//==============//
-	// buffer setup //
+	// add vertices //
 	//==============//
 	
-	public ArrayList<ByteBuffer> makeOpaqueVertexBuffers() { return this.makeVertexBuffers(this.opaqueQuads); }
-	public ArrayList<ByteBuffer> makeTransparentVertexBuffers() { return this.makeVertexBuffers(this.transparentQuads); }
-	private ArrayList<ByteBuffer> makeVertexBuffers(ArrayList<BufferQuad>[] quadList)
-	{
-		ArrayList<ByteBuffer> byteBufferList = new ArrayList<>(3);
-		
-		ByteBuffer buffer = null;
-		for (int directionIndex = 0; directionIndex < 6; directionIndex++)
-		{
-			// ignore empty directions
-			if (quadList[directionIndex].isEmpty())
-			{
-				continue;
-			}
-			
-			// put all the quads in this direction into the buffer
-			for (int quadIndex = 0; quadIndex < quadList[directionIndex].size(); quadIndex++)
-			{
-				// if this is the first iteration or the buffer is full, 
-				// create a new buffer
-				if (buffer == null || !buffer.hasRemaining())
-				{
-					buffer = MemoryUtil.memAlloc(ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
-					byteBufferList.add(buffer);
-				}
-				
-				this.putQuad(buffer, quadList[directionIndex].get(quadIndex));
-			}
-		}
-		
-		// rewind all the buffers so they can be read from
-		for (int i = 0; i < byteBufferList.size(); i++)
-		{
-			buffer = byteBufferList.get(i);
-			buffer.limit(buffer.position());
-			buffer.rewind();
-		}
-		
-		return byteBufferList;
-	}
 	private void putQuad(ByteBuffer bb, BufferQuad quad)
 	{
 		int[][] quadBase = DIRECTION_VERTEX_IBO_QUAD[quad.direction.ordinal()];
@@ -381,10 +288,10 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 						if (quad.direction.getAxis().isHorizontal() || quad.direction == EDhDirection.DOWN)
 						{
 							if (this.grassSideRenderingMode == EDhApiGrassSideRendering.AS_DIRT
-									// if we want the color to fade, only apply the dirt color to the bottom vertices
+								// if we want the color to fade, only apply the dirt color to the bottom vertices
-									|| (this.grassSideRenderingMode == EDhApiGrassSideRendering.FADE_TO_DIRT && quadBase[i][1] == 0)
+								|| (this.grassSideRenderingMode == EDhApiGrassSideRendering.FADE_TO_DIRT && quadBase[i][1] == 0)
-									// always render the bottom as dirt
+								// always render the bottom as dirt
-									|| quad.direction == EDhDirection.DOWN)
+								|| quad.direction == EDhDirection.DOWN)
 							{
 								// for horizontal and bottom faces of grass blocks, use the  dirt color to
 								// prevent green cliff walls
@@ -392,7 +299,7 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 								color = ColorUtil.applyShade(color, MC.getShade(quad.direction));
 							}
 						}
-					}
+					}   
 				}
 			}
 			
@@ -406,6 +313,7 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 					mx, my, mz);
 		}
 	}
+	
 	private void putVertex(ByteBuffer bb, short x, short y, short z, int color, byte normalIndex, byte irisBlockMaterialId, byte skylight, byte blocklight, int mx, int my, int mz)
 	{
 		skylight %= 16;
@@ -446,6 +354,389 @@ public class LodQuadBuilder
 	
 	
 	
+	//=================//
+	// data finalizing //
+	//=================//
+	
+	/** runs any final data cleanup, merging, etc. */
+	public void finalizeData() { this.mergeQuads(); }
+	
+	/** Uses Greedy meshing to merge this builder's Quads. */
+	public void mergeQuads()
+	{
+		long mergeCount = 0;
+		long preQuadsCount = this.getCurrentOpaqueQuadsCount() + this.getCurrentTransparentQuadsCount();
+		if (preQuadsCount <= 1)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		for (int directionIndex = 0; directionIndex < 6; directionIndex++)
+		{
+			mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.opaqueQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest);
+			if (this.doTransparency)
+			{
+				mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.transparentQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.EastWest);
+			}
+			
+			
+			// only run the second merge if the face is the top or bottom
+			if (directionIndex == EDhDirection.UP.ordinal() || directionIndex == EDhDirection.DOWN.ordinal())
+			{
+				mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.opaqueQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown);
+				if (this.doTransparency)
+				{
+					mergeCount += mergeQuadsInternal(this.transparentQuads, directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum.NorthSouthOrUpDown);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		long postQuadsCount = this.getCurrentOpaqueQuadsCount() + this.getCurrentTransparentQuadsCount();
+		LOGGER.debug("Merged "+mergeCount+"/"+preQuadsCount+"("+(mergeCount / (double) preQuadsCount)+") quads");
+	}
+	
+	/** Merges all of this builder's quads for the given directionIndex (up, down, left, etc.) in the given direction */
+	private static long mergeQuadsInternal(ArrayList<BufferQuad>[] list, int directionIndex, BufferMergeDirectionEnum mergeDirection)
+	{
+		if (list[directionIndex].size() <= 1)
+			return 0;
+		
+		list[directionIndex].sort((objOne, objTwo) -> objOne.compare(objTwo, mergeDirection));
+		
+		long mergeCount = 0;
+		ListIterator<BufferQuad> iter = list[directionIndex].listIterator();
+		BufferQuad currentQuad = iter.next();
+		while (iter.hasNext())
+		{
+			BufferQuad nextQuad = iter.next();
+			
+			if (currentQuad.tryMerge(nextQuad, mergeDirection))
+			{
+				// merge successful, attempt to merge the next quad
+				mergeCount++;
+				iter.set(null);
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// merge fail, move on to the next quad
+				currentQuad = nextQuad;
+			}
+		}
+		list[directionIndex].removeIf(Objects::isNull);
+		return mergeCount;
+	}
+	
+	
+	
+	//==============//
+	// buffer setup //
+	//==============//
+	
+	public Iterator<ByteBuffer> makeOpaqueVertexBuffers()
+	{
+		return new Iterator<>()
+		{
+			final ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER)
+					.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
+			int dir = skipEmpty(0);
+			int quad = 0;
+			
+			private int skipEmpty(int d)
+			{
+				while (d < 6 && opaqueQuads[d].isEmpty())
+				{
+					d++;
+				}
+				return d;
+			}
+			
+			@Override
+			public boolean hasNext()
+			{
+				return dir < 6;
+			}
+			
+			@Override
+			public ByteBuffer next()
+			{
+				if (dir >= 6)
+				{
+					return null;
+				}
+				bb.clear();
+				bb.limit(ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
+				while (bb.hasRemaining() && dir < 6)
+				{
+					writeData();
+				}
+				bb.limit(bb.position());
+				bb.rewind();
+				return bb;
+			}
+			
+			private void writeData()
+			{
+				int i = quad;
+				for (; i < opaqueQuads[dir].size(); i++)
+				{
+					if (!bb.hasRemaining())
+					{
+						break;
+					}
+					putQuad(bb, opaqueQuads[dir].get(i));
+				}
+				
+				if (i >= opaqueQuads[dir].size())
+				{
+					quad = 0;
+					dir++;
+					dir = skipEmpty(dir);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					quad = i;
+				}
+			}
+		};
+	}
+	
+	public Iterator<ByteBuffer> makeTransparentVertexBuffers()
+	{
+		return new Iterator<>()
+		{
+			final ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER)
+					.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
+			int directionIndex = this.skipEmptyDirectionIndices(0);
+			int quad = 0;
+			
+			private int skipEmptyDirectionIndices(int directionIndex)
+			{
+				while (directionIndex < 6 &&
+						(LodQuadBuilder.this.transparentQuads[directionIndex] == null
+								|| LodQuadBuilder.this.transparentQuads[directionIndex].isEmpty()))
+				{
+					directionIndex++;
+				}
+				
+				return directionIndex;
+			}
+			
+			@Override
+			public boolean hasNext() { return this.directionIndex < 6; }
+			
+			@Override
+			public ByteBuffer next()
+			{
+				if (this.directionIndex >= 6)
+				{
+					return null;
+				}
+				
+				this.bb.clear();
+				this.bb.limit(ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
+				while (this.bb.hasRemaining() && this.directionIndex < 6)
+				{
+					this.writeData();
+				}
+				this.bb.limit(this.bb.position());
+				this.bb.rewind();
+				return this.bb;
+			}
+			
+			private void writeData()
+			{
+				int i = this.quad;
+				for (; i < LodQuadBuilder.this.transparentQuads[this.directionIndex].size(); i++)
+				{
+					if (!this.bb.hasRemaining())
+					{
+						break;
+					}
+					putQuad(this.bb, LodQuadBuilder.this.transparentQuads[this.directionIndex].get(i));
+				}
+				
+				if (i >= LodQuadBuilder.this.transparentQuads[this.directionIndex].size())
+				{
+					this.quad = 0;
+					this.directionIndex++;
+					this.directionIndex = this.skipEmptyDirectionIndices(this.directionIndex);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					this.quad = i;
+				}
+			}
+		};
+	}
+	public interface BufferFiller
+	{
+		/** If true: more data needs to be filled */
+		boolean fill(GLVertexBuffer vbo);
+		
+	}
+	
+	public BufferFiller makeOpaqueBufferFiller(EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method)
+	{
+		return new BufferFiller()
+		{
+			int dir = 0;
+			int quad = 0;
+			
+			public boolean fill(GLVertexBuffer vbo)
+			{
+				if (dir >= 6)
+				{
+					vbo.setVertexCount(0);
+					return false;
+				}
+				
+				int numOfQuads = _countRemainingQuads();
+				if (numOfQuads > ColumnRenderBuffer.MAX_QUADS_PER_BUFFER)
+					numOfQuads = ColumnRenderBuffer.MAX_QUADS_PER_BUFFER;
+				if (numOfQuads == 0)
+				{
+					vbo.setVertexCount(0);
+					return false;
+				}
+				ByteBuffer bb = vbo.mapBuffer(numOfQuads * ColumnRenderBuffer.QUADS_BYTE_SIZE, method,
+						ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
+				if (bb == null)
+					throw new NullPointerException("mapBuffer returned null");
+				bb.clear();
+				bb.limit(numOfQuads * ColumnRenderBuffer.QUADS_BYTE_SIZE);
+				while (bb.hasRemaining() && dir < 6)
+				{
+					writeData(bb);
+				}
+				bb.rewind();
+				vbo.unmapBuffer();
+				vbo.setVertexCount(numOfQuads * 4);
+				return dir < 6;
+			}
+			
+			private int _countRemainingQuads()
+			{
+				int a = opaqueQuads[dir].size() - quad;
+				for (int i = dir + 1; i < opaqueQuads.length; i++)
+				{
+					a += opaqueQuads[i].size();
+				}
+				return a;
+			}
+			
+			private void writeData(ByteBuffer bb)
+			{
+				int startQ = quad;
+				
+				int i = startQ;
+				for (i = startQ; i < opaqueQuads[dir].size(); i++)
+				{
+					if (!bb.hasRemaining())
+					{
+						break;
+					}
+					putQuad(bb, opaqueQuads[dir].get(i));
+				}
+				
+				if (i >= opaqueQuads[dir].size())
+				{
+					quad = 0;
+					dir++;
+					while (dir < 6 && opaqueQuads[dir].isEmpty())
+					{
+						dir++;
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					quad = i;
+				}
+			}
+		};
+	}
+	
+	public BufferFiller makeTransparentBufferFiller(EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method)
+	{
+		return new BufferFiller()
+		{
+			int dir = 0;
+			int quad = 0;
+			
+			public boolean fill(GLVertexBuffer vbo)
+			{
+				if (dir >= 6)
+				{
+					vbo.setVertexCount(0);
+					return false;
+				}
+				
+				int numOfQuads = _countRemainingQuads();
+				if (numOfQuads > ColumnRenderBuffer.MAX_QUADS_PER_BUFFER)
+					numOfQuads = ColumnRenderBuffer.MAX_QUADS_PER_BUFFER;
+				if (numOfQuads == 0)
+				{
+					vbo.setVertexCount(0);
+					return false;
+				}
+				ByteBuffer bb = vbo.mapBuffer(numOfQuads * ColumnRenderBuffer.QUADS_BYTE_SIZE, method,
+						ColumnRenderBuffer.FULL_SIZED_BUFFER);
+				if (bb == null)
+					throw new NullPointerException("mapBuffer returned null");
+				bb.clear();
+				bb.limit(numOfQuads * ColumnRenderBuffer.QUADS_BYTE_SIZE);
+				while (bb.hasRemaining() && dir < 6)
+				{
+					writeData(bb);
+				}
+				bb.rewind();
+				vbo.unmapBuffer();
+				vbo.setVertexCount(numOfQuads * 4);
+				return dir < 6;
+			}
+			
+			private int _countRemainingQuads()
+			{
+				int a = transparentQuads[dir].size() - quad;
+				for (int i = dir + 1; i < transparentQuads.length; i++)
+				{
+					a += transparentQuads[i].size();
+				}
+				return a;
+			}
+			
+			private void writeData(ByteBuffer bb)
+			{
+				int startQ = quad;
+				
+				int i = startQ;
+				for (i = startQ; i < transparentQuads[dir].size(); i++)
+				{
+					if (!bb.hasRemaining())
+					{
+						break;
+					}
+					putQuad(bb, transparentQuads[dir].get(i));
+				}
+				
+				if (i >= transparentQuads[dir].size())
+				{
+					quad = 0;
+					dir++;
+					while (dir < 6 && transparentQuads[dir].isEmpty())
+					{
+						dir++;
+					}
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					quad = i;
+				}
+			}
+		};
+	}
+	
+	
+	
 	//=========//
 	// getters //
 	//=========//

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/render/columnViews/ColumnArrayView.java

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.columnViews;
 
 
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.ColumnRenderSource;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.RenderDataPointUtil;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongArrayList;
 
@@ -29,60 +28,41 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 {
 	public final LongArrayList data;
-	
-	/** 
-	 * How many data points are currently being represented by this view. <br>
-	 * Will be equal to or less than {@link ColumnArrayView#verticalSize}.
-	 */
 	public final int size;
-	/** 
+	public final int offset; // offset in longs
-	 * Vertical size in data points. <Br>
+	/** can be 0 if this column was created for an empty data source */
-	 * Can be 0 if this column was created for an empty data source.
+	public final int vertSize; // vertical size in longs
-	 */
-	public final int verticalSize;
-	
-	/**
-	 * Where the relative starting index is in the {@link ColumnArrayView#data} array
-	 * if this view is representing part of a {@link ColumnRenderSource}.
-	 */
-	public final int offset;
 	
 	
 	
-	//=============//
+	public ColumnArrayView(LongArrayList data, int size, int offset, int vertSize)
-	// constructor //
-	//=============//
-	
-	public ColumnArrayView(LongArrayList data, int size, int offset, int verticalSize)
 	{
 		this.data = data;
 		this.size = size;
 		this.offset = offset;
-		this.verticalSize = verticalSize;
+		this.vertSize = vertSize;
 	}
 	
 	
 	
-	//=====================//
-	// getters and setters //
-	//=====================//
-	
 	@Override
 	public long get(int index) { return data.getLong(index + offset); }
+	
 	public void set(int index, long value) { data.set(index + offset, value); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public int size() { return size; }
-	@Override
-	public int verticalSize() { return verticalSize; }
 	
 	@Override
-	public int dataCount() { return (this.verticalSize != 0) ? (this.size / this.verticalSize) : 0; } // TODO what does the divide by mean?
+	public int verticalSize() { return vertSize; }
+	
+	@Override
+	public int dataCount() { return (this.vertSize != 0) ? (this.size / this.vertSize) : 0; }
 	
 	@Override
 	public ColumnArrayView subView(int dataIndexStart, int dataCount)
 	{
-		return new ColumnArrayView(data, dataCount * verticalSize, offset + dataIndexStart * verticalSize, verticalSize);
+		return new ColumnArrayView(data, dataCount * vertSize, offset + dataIndexStart * vertSize, vertSize);
 	}
 	
 	public void fill(long value) { Arrays.fill(data.elements(), offset, offset + size, value); }
@@ -90,7 +70,7 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 	public void copyFrom(IColumnDataView source) { copyFrom(source, 0); }
 	public void copyFrom(IColumnDataView source, int outputDataIndexOffset)
 	{
-		if (source.verticalSize() > verticalSize)
+		if (source.verticalSize() > vertSize)
 		{
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("source verticalSize must be <= self's verticalSize to copy");
 		}
@@ -98,19 +78,19 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 		{
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("dataIndexStart + source.dataCount() must be <= self.dataCount() to copy");
 		}
-		else if (source.verticalSize() != verticalSize)
+		else if (source.verticalSize() != vertSize)
 		{
 			for (int i = 0; i < source.dataCount(); i++)
 			{
-				int outputOffset = offset + outputDataIndexOffset * verticalSize + i * verticalSize;
+				int outputOffset = offset + outputDataIndexOffset * vertSize + i * vertSize;
 				source.subView(i, 1).copyTo(data.elements(), outputOffset, source.verticalSize());
 				Arrays.fill(data.elements(), outputOffset + source.verticalSize(),
-						outputOffset + verticalSize, 0);
+						outputOffset + vertSize, 0);
 			}
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			source.copyTo(data.elements(), offset + outputDataIndexOffset * verticalSize, source.size());
+			source.copyTo(data.elements(), offset + outputDataIndexOffset * vertSize, source.size());
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -123,19 +103,19 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 		{
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot merge views of different sizes");
 		}
-		if (verticalSize != source.verticalSize)
+		if (vertSize != source.vertSize)
 		{
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot merge views of different vertical sizes");
 		}
 		boolean anyChange = false;
-		for (int o = 0; o < (source.size() * verticalSize); o += verticalSize)
+		for (int o = 0; o < (source.size() * vertSize); o += vertSize)
 		{
 			if (override)
 			{
 				if (RenderDataPointUtil.compareDatapointPriority(source.get(o), get(o)) >= 0)
 				{
 					anyChange = true;
-					System.arraycopy(source.data, source.offset + o, data, offset + o, verticalSize);
+					System.arraycopy(source.data, source.offset + o, data, offset + o, vertSize);
 				}
 			}
 			else
@@ -143,7 +123,7 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 				if (RenderDataPointUtil.compareDatapointPriority(source.get(o), get(o)) > 0)
 				{
 					anyChange = true;
-					System.arraycopy(source.data, source.offset + o, data, offset + o, verticalSize);
+					System.arraycopy(source.data, source.offset + o, data, offset + o, vertSize);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -157,7 +137,7 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot copy and resize to views with different dataCounts");
 		}
 		
-		if (this.verticalSize >= source.verticalSize())
+		if (this.vertSize >= source.verticalSize())
 		{
 			this.copyFrom(source);
 		}
@@ -180,18 +160,12 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 		RenderDataPointUtil.mergeMultiData(source, this);
 	}
 	
-	
-	
-	//================//
-	// base overrides //
-	//================//
-	
 	@Override
 	public String toString()
 	{
 		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 		sb.append("S:").append(size);
-		sb.append(" V:").append(verticalSize);
+		sb.append(" V:").append(vertSize);
 		sb.append(" O:").append(offset);
 		
 		sb.append(" [");
@@ -208,7 +182,6 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 		return sb.toString();
 	}
 	
-	
 	public int getDataHash()
 	{
 		return arrayHash(data, offset, size);
@@ -226,7 +199,7 @@ public final class ColumnArrayView implements IColumnDataView
 		for (int i = offset; i < end; i++)
 		{
 			long element = a.getLong(i);
-			int elementHash = (int) (element ^ (element >>> 32));
+			int elementHash = Long.hashCode(element);
 			result = 31 * result + elementHash;
 		}
 		return result;

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/transformers/ChunkToLodBuilder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+/*
+ *    This file is part of the Distant Horizons mod
+ *    licensed under the GNU LGPL v3 License.
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2020-2023 James Seibel
+ *
+ *    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ *    the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ *    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.transformers;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.fullData.sources.FullDataSourceV2;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dependencyInjection.SingletonInjector;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.ConfigBasedLogger;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhChunkPos;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.threading.ThreadPoolUtil;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.chunk.IChunkWrapper;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+
+public class ChunkToLodBuilder implements AutoCloseable
+{
+	public static final ConfigBasedLogger LOGGER = new ConfigBasedLogger(LogManager.getLogger(), () -> Config.Client.Advanced.Logging.logLodBuilderEvent.get());
+	private static final IMinecraftClientWrapper MC = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IMinecraftClientWrapper.class);
+	
+	public static final long MAX_TICK_TIME_NS = 1000000000L / 20L;
+	
+	private final ConcurrentHashMap<DhChunkPos, IChunkWrapper> concurrentChunkToBuildByChunkPos = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+	private final ConcurrentLinkedDeque<Task> concurrentTaskToBuildList = new ConcurrentLinkedDeque<>();
+	private final AtomicInteger runningCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
+	
+	
+	
+	//==============//
+	// constructors //
+	//==============//
+	
+	public ChunkToLodBuilder() { }
+	
+	
+	
+	//=================//
+	// data generation //
+	//=================//
+	
+	public CompletableFuture<FullDataSourceV2> tryGenerateData(IChunkWrapper chunkWrapper)
+	{
+		if (chunkWrapper == null)
+		{
+			throw new NullPointerException("ChunkWrapper cannot be null!");
+		}
+		
+		IChunkWrapper oldChunk = this.concurrentChunkToBuildByChunkPos.put(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos(), chunkWrapper); // an Exchange operation
+		// If there's old chunk, that means we just replaced an unprocessed old request on generating data on this pos.
+		//   if so, we can just return null to signal this, as the old request's future will instead be the proper one
+		//   that will return the latest generated data.
+		if (oldChunk != null)
+		{
+			return null;
+		}
+		
+		// Otherwise, it means we're the first to do so. Let's submit our task to this entry.
+		CompletableFuture<FullDataSourceV2> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
+		this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.addLast(new Task(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos(), future));
+		return future;
+	}
+	
+	// TODO why on tick?
+	public void tick()
+	{
+		int threadCount = ThreadPoolUtil.getWorkerThreadCount();
+		if (this.runningCount.get() >= threadCount)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		else if (this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.isEmpty())
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		else if (MC == null || !MC.playerExists())
+		{
+			// TODO handle server side properly
+			
+			// MC hasn't finished loading (or is currently unloaded)
+			
+			// can be uncommented if tasks aren't being cleared correctly
+			//this.clearCurrentTasks();
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		ThreadPoolExecutor lodBuilderExecutor = ThreadPoolUtil.getChunkToLodBuilderExecutor();
+		if (lodBuilderExecutor == null)
+		{
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		
+		for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
+		{
+			this.runningCount.incrementAndGet();
+			try
+			{
+				CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
+				{
+					try
+					{
+						this.tickThreadTask();
+					}
+					finally
+					{
+						this.runningCount.decrementAndGet();
+					}
+				}, lodBuilderExecutor);
+			}
+			catch (RejectedExecutionException ignore) { /* the thread pool was probably shut down because it's size is being changed, just wait a sec and it should be back */ }
+		}
+	}
+	private void tickThreadTask()
+	{
+		long time = System.nanoTime();
+		int count = 0;
+		boolean allDone = false;
+		while (true)
+		{
+			// run until we either run out of time, or all tasks are complete
+			if (System.nanoTime() - time > MAX_TICK_TIME_NS && !this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.isEmpty())
+			{
+				break;
+			}
+			
+			Task task = this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.pollFirst();
+			if (task == null)
+			{
+				allDone = true;
+				break;
+			}
+			
+			count++;
+			IChunkWrapper latestChunk = this.concurrentChunkToBuildByChunkPos.remove(task.chunkPos); // Basically an Exchange operation
+			if (latestChunk == null)
+			{
+				LOGGER.error("Somehow Task at " + task.chunkPos + " has latestChunk as null. Skipping task.");
+				task.future.complete(null);
+				continue;
+			}
+			
+			try
+			{
+				if (LodDataBuilder.canGenerateLodFromChunk(latestChunk))
+				{
+					FullDataSourceV2 dataSource = LodDataBuilder.createGeneratedDataSource(latestChunk);
+					if (dataSource != null)
+					{
+						task.future.complete(dataSource);
+						continue;
+					}
+				}
+				else if (task.generationAttemptExpirationTimeMs < System.currentTimeMillis())
+				{
+					// this task won't be re-queued
+					//LOGGER.trace("removed chunk "+task.chunkPos);
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+			catch (Exception ex)
+			{
+				LOGGER.error("Error while processing Task at " + task.chunkPos, ex);
+			}
+			
+			// Failed to build due to chunk not meeting requirement,
+			// re-add it to the queue so it can be tested next time
+			IChunkWrapper casChunk = this.concurrentChunkToBuildByChunkPos.putIfAbsent(task.chunkPos, latestChunk); // CAS operation with expected=null
+			if (casChunk == null || latestChunk.isStillValid()) // That means CAS have been successful
+			{
+				this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.addLast(task); // Then add back the same old task.
+			}
+			else // Else, it means someone managed to sneak in a new gen request in this pos. Then lets drop this old task.
+			{
+				task.future.complete(null);
+			}
+			
+			count--;
+		}
+		
+		long time2 = System.nanoTime();
+		if (!allDone)
+		{
+			//LOGGER.info("Completed {} tasks in {} in this tick", count, Duration.ofNanos(time2 - time));
+		}
+		else if (count > 0)
+		{
+			//LOGGER.info("Completed all {} tasks in {}", count, Duration.ofNanos(time2 - time));
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * should be called whenever changing levels/worlds
+	 * to prevent trying to generate LODs for chunk(s) that are no longer loaded
+	 * (which can cause exceptions)
+	 */
+	public void clearCurrentTasks()
+	{
+		this.concurrentTaskToBuildList.clear();
+		this.concurrentChunkToBuildByChunkPos.clear();
+	}
+	
+	
+	
+	
+	//==============//
+	// base methods //
+	//==============//
+	
+	@Override
+	public void close() { this.clearCurrentTasks(); }
+	
+	
+	
+	//================//
+	// helper classes //
+	//================//
+	
+	private static class Task
+	{
+		public final DhChunkPos chunkPos;
+		public final CompletableFuture<FullDataSourceV2> future;
+		/** This is tracked so impossible tasks can be removed from the queue */
+		public long generationAttemptExpirationTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis() + TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(10);
+		
+		Task(DhChunkPos chunkPos, CompletableFuture<FullDataSourceV2> future)
+		{
+			this.chunkPos = chunkPos;
+			this.future = future;
+		}
+		
+	}
+	
+}
+

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/transformers/FullDataToRenderDataTransformer.java

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.transformers;
 
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiBlocksToAvoid;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.fullData.FullDataPointIdMap;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.fullData.sources.FullDataSourceV2;
@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.IWrapperFactory;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.block.IBlockStateWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IBiomeWrapper;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.BitShiftUtil;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongArrayList;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongOpenHashSet;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
@@ -122,12 +122,7 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 				
 				ColumnArrayView columnArrayView = columnSource.getVerticalDataPointView(x, z);
 				LongArrayList dataColumn = fullDataSource.get(x, z);
-				
+				updateRenderDataViewWithFullDataColumn(level, fullDataSource.mapping, baseX + x, baseZ + z, columnArrayView, dataColumn);
-				updateOrReplaceRenderDataViewColumnWithFullDataColumn(
-						level, fullDataSource.mapping, 
-						// bitshift is to account for LODs with a detail level greater than 0 so the block pos is correct
-						baseX + BitShiftUtil.pow(x,dataDetail), baseZ + BitShiftUtil.pow(z,dataDetail), 
-						columnArrayView, dataColumn);
 			}
 		}
 		
@@ -137,48 +132,40 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 	}
 	
 	/** Updates the given {@link ColumnArrayView} to match the incoming Full data {@link LongArrayList} */
-	public static void updateOrReplaceRenderDataViewColumnWithFullDataColumn(
+	public static void updateRenderDataViewWithFullDataColumn(
 			IDhClientLevel level, 
 			FullDataPointIdMap fullDataMapping, int blockX, int blockZ, 
 			ColumnArrayView columnArrayView, 
 			LongArrayList fullDataColumn)
 	{
-		// we can't do anything if the full data is missing or empty
 		if (fullDataColumn == null || fullDataColumn.size() == 0)
 		{
 			return;
 		}
 		
-		int fullDataLength = fullDataColumn.size();
+		int dataTotalLength = fullDataColumn.size();
-		if (fullDataLength <= columnArrayView.verticalSize())
+		if (dataTotalLength > columnArrayView.verticalSize())
 		{
-			// Directly use the arrayView since it fits.
+			ColumnArrayView totalColumnData = new ColumnArrayView(new LongArrayList(new long[dataTotalLength]), dataTotalLength, 0, dataTotalLength);
-			setRenderColumnView(level, fullDataMapping, blockX, blockZ, columnArrayView, fullDataColumn);
+			iterateAndConvert(level, fullDataMapping, blockX, blockZ, totalColumnData, fullDataColumn);
+			columnArrayView.changeVerticalSizeFrom(totalColumnData);
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			// expand the ColumnArrayView to fit the new larger max vertical size
+			iterateAndConvert(level, fullDataMapping, blockX, blockZ, columnArrayView, fullDataColumn); //Directly use the arrayView since it fits.
-			ColumnArrayView newColumnArrayView = new ColumnArrayView(new LongArrayList(new long[fullDataLength]), fullDataLength, 0, fullDataLength);
-			setRenderColumnView(level, fullDataMapping, blockX, blockZ, newColumnArrayView, fullDataColumn);
-			columnArrayView.changeVerticalSizeFrom(newColumnArrayView);
 		}
 	}
-	private static void setRenderColumnView(
+	private static void iterateAndConvert(
 			IDhClientLevel level, FullDataPointIdMap fullDataMapping,
 			int blockX, int blockZ,
 			ColumnArrayView renderColumnData, LongArrayList fullColumnData)
 	{
-		//===============//
-		// config values //
-		//===============//
-		
 		boolean ignoreNonCollidingBlocks = (Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.blocksToIgnore.get() == EDhApiBlocksToAvoid.NON_COLLIDING);
 		boolean colorBelowWithAvoidedBlocks = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.tintWithAvoidedBlocks.get();
 		
 		HashSet<IBlockStateWrapper> blockStatesToIgnore = WRAPPER_FACTORY.getRendererIgnoredBlocks(level.getLevelWrapper());
 		HashSet<IBlockStateWrapper> caveBlockStatesToIgnore = WRAPPER_FACTORY.getRendererIgnoredCaveBlocks(level.getLevelWrapper());
 		
-		int caveCullingMaxY = Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.caveCullingHeight.get() - level.getMinY();
 		boolean caveCullingEnabled = 
 			Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.AdvancedGraphics.enableCaveCulling.get()
 			&& (
@@ -189,36 +176,30 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 				&& !level.getLevelWrapper().getDimensionType().isTheEnd()
 			);
 		
-		boolean isColumnVoid = true;
+		boolean isVoid = true;
 		
 		int colorToApplyToNextBlock = -1;
 		int lastColor = 0;
-		int lastBottom = -10_000;
+		int lastBottom = -10000;
 		
 		int skylightToApplyToNextBlock = -1;
 		int blocklightToApplyToNextBlock = -1;
-		int renderDataIndex = 0;
+		int columnOffset = 0;
 		
+		IBiomeWrapper biome = null;
+		IBlockStateWrapper block = null;
 		
 		
-		//==================================//
-		// convert full data to render data //
-		//==================================//
-		
 		// goes from the top down
-		for (int fullDataIndex = 0; fullDataIndex < fullColumnData.size(); fullDataIndex++)
+		for (int i = 0; i < fullColumnData.size(); i++)
 		{
-			long fullData = fullColumnData.getLong(fullDataIndex);
+			long fullData = fullColumnData.getLong(i);
-			
 			int bottomY = FullDataPointUtil.getBottomY(fullData);
 			int blockHeight = FullDataPointUtil.getHeight(fullData);
-			int topY = bottomY + blockHeight;
 			int id = FullDataPointUtil.getId(fullData);
 			int blockLight = FullDataPointUtil.getBlockLight(fullData);
 			int skyLight = FullDataPointUtil.getSkyLight(fullData);
 			
-			IBiomeWrapper biome;
-			IBlockStateWrapper block;
 			try
 			{
 				biome = fullDataMapping.getBiomeWrapper(id);
@@ -226,6 +207,7 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 			}
 			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e)
 			{
+				// FIXME sometimes the data map has a length of 0
 				if (!brokenPos.contains(fullDataMapping.getPos()))
 				{
 					brokenPos.add(fullDataMapping.getPos());
@@ -237,12 +219,11 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 							"Further errors for this position won't be logged.");
 				}
 				
-				// don't render broken data
+				// skip rendering broken data
 				continue;
 			}
 			
 			
-			
 			//====================//
 			// ignored block and  //
 			// cave culling check //
@@ -254,26 +235,24 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 			{
 				if (caveCullingEnabled
 					// assume this data point is underground if it has no sky-light
-					&& skyLight == LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT	
+					&& skyLight == LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT
-					// ignore caves above a certain height to prevent floating islands from having walls underneath them
-					&& topY < caveCullingMaxY
 					// cave culling shouldn't happen when at the top of the world
-					&& renderDataIndex != 0 && fullDataIndex != 0
+					&& columnOffset != 0
 					// cave culling can't happen when at the bottom of the world
-					&& (fullDataIndex+1) < fullColumnData.size())
+					&& columnOffset != fullColumnData.size())
 				{
 					// we need to get the next sky/block lights because
 					// the air block here will always have a light of 0/0 due to only the top of the LOD's light being saved.
-					long nextFullData = fullColumnData.getLong(fullDataIndex+1);
+					long nextFullData = fullColumnData.getLong(i+1);
 					int nextSkyLight = FullDataPointUtil.getSkyLight(nextFullData);
 					
 					if (nextSkyLight == LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT
 							&& ColorUtil.getAlpha(lastColor) == 255)
 					{
 						// replace the previous block with new bottom
-						long columnData = renderColumnData.get(renderDataIndex - 1);
+						long columnData = renderColumnData.get(columnOffset - 1);
 						columnData = RenderDataPointUtil.setYMin(columnData, bottomY);
-						renderColumnData.set(renderDataIndex - 1, columnData);
+						renderColumnData.set(columnOffset - 1, columnData);
 					}
 					
 					continue;
@@ -293,28 +272,27 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 			}
 			
 			
+			//===================//
+			// solid block check //
+			//===================//
 			
-			//=======================//
+			if (ignoreNonCollidingBlocks && !block.isSolid() && !block.isLiquid() && block.getOpacity() != LodUtil.BLOCK_FULLY_OPAQUE)
-			// non-solid block check //
-			//=======================//
-			
-			if (ignoreNonCollidingBlocks 
-				&& !block.isSolid() && !block.isLiquid() && block.getOpacity() != LodUtil.BLOCK_FULLY_OPAQUE)
 			{
 				if (colorBelowWithAvoidedBlocks)
 				{
 					int tempColor = level.computeBaseColor(new DhBlockPos(blockX, bottomY + level.getMinY(), blockZ), biome, block);
 					// don't transfer the color when alpha is 0
-					// this prevents issues if grass is transparent
 					if (ColorUtil.getAlpha(tempColor) != 0)
 					{
+						// don't transfer alpha if for some reason grass is semi transparent
 						colorToApplyToNextBlock = ColorUtil.setAlpha(tempColor,255);
+						
 						skylightToApplyToNextBlock = skyLight;
 						blocklightToApplyToNextBlock = blockLight;
 					}
 				}
 				
-				// skip this non-colliding block
+				// don't add this block
 				continue;
 			}
 			
@@ -334,36 +312,31 @@ public class FullDataToRenderDataTransformer
 				blockLight = blocklightToApplyToNextBlock;
 			}
 			
-			
+			//check if they share a top-bottom face and if they have same color
-			
+			if (color == lastColor && bottomY + blockHeight == lastBottom  && columnOffset > 0)
-			//=============================//
-			// merge same-colored adjacent //
-			//=============================//
-			
-			// check if they share a top-bottom face and if they have same color
-			if (color == lastColor && bottomY + blockHeight == lastBottom  && renderDataIndex > 0)
 			{
 				//replace the previous block with new bottom
-				long columnData = renderColumnData.get(renderDataIndex - 1);
+				long columnData = renderColumnData.get(columnOffset - 1);
 				columnData = RenderDataPointUtil.setYMin(columnData, bottomY);
-				renderColumnData.set(renderDataIndex - 1, columnData);
+				renderColumnData.set(columnOffset - 1, columnData);
 			}
 			else
 			{
 				// add the block
-				isColumnVoid = false;
+				isVoid = false;
 				long columnData = RenderDataPointUtil.createDataPoint(bottomY + blockHeight, bottomY, color, skyLight, blockLight, block.getMaterialId());
-				renderColumnData.set(renderDataIndex, columnData);
+				renderColumnData.set(columnOffset, columnData);
-				renderDataIndex++;
+				columnOffset++;
 			}
 			lastBottom = bottomY;
 			lastColor = color;
+			
 		}
 		
 		
-		if (isColumnVoid)
+		if (isVoid)
 		{
-			renderColumnData.set(0, RenderDataPointUtil.EMPTY_DATA);
+			renderColumnData.set(0, RenderDataPointUtil.createVoidDataPoint());
 		}
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/dataObjects/transformers/LodDataBuilder.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.transformers;
 
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiWorldCompressionMode;
@@ -35,7 +34,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhBlockPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhSectionPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.FullDataPointUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.RenderDataPointUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.objects.DataCorruptedException;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.block.IBlockStateWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.chunk.IChunkWrapper;
@@ -154,8 +152,8 @@ public class LodDataBuilder
 					else
 					{
 						//we are at the height limit. There are no torches here, and sky is not obscured.
-						blockLight = LodUtil.MIN_MC_LIGHT;
+						blockLight = 0;
-						skyLight = LodUtil.MAX_MC_LIGHT;
+						skyLight = 15;
 					}
 					
 					
@@ -297,7 +295,7 @@ public class LodDataBuilder
 	
 	
 	/** @throws ClassCastException if an API user returns the wrong object type(s) */
-	public static FullDataSourceV2 createFromApiChunkData(DhApiChunk apiChunk, boolean runAdditionalValidation) throws ClassCastException, DataCorruptedException, IllegalArgumentException
+	public static FullDataSourceV2 createFromApiChunkData(DhApiChunk apiChunk) throws ClassCastException, DataCorruptedException
 	{
 		// get the section position
 		int sectionPosX = getXOrZSectionPosFromChunkPos(apiChunk.chunkPosX);
@@ -314,10 +312,6 @@ public class LodDataBuilder
 			for (int relBlockX = 0; relBlockX < LodUtil.CHUNK_WIDTH; relBlockX++)
 			{
 				List<DhApiTerrainDataPoint> columnDataPoints = apiChunk.getDataPoints(relBlockX, relBlockZ);
-				if (runAdditionalValidation)
-				{
-					validateOrThrowDataColumn(columnDataPoints);
-				}
 				
 				
 				// this null check does 2 nice things at the same time:
@@ -326,8 +320,6 @@ public class LodDataBuilder
 				// AND the below loop won't run.
 				int size = (columnDataPoints != null) ? columnDataPoints.size() : 0;
 				
-				// TODO make missing air LODs
-				// TODO merge duplicate datapoints
 				LongArrayList packedDataPoints = new LongArrayList(new long[size]);
 				for (int index = 0; index < size; index++)
 				{
@@ -358,75 +350,6 @@ public class LodDataBuilder
 		}
 		return dataSource;
 	}
-	private static void validateOrThrowDataColumn(List<DhApiTerrainDataPoint> dataPoints) throws IllegalArgumentException
-	{
-		// order doesn't need to be checked if there is 0 or 1 items
-		if (dataPoints.size() > 1)
-		{
-			// DH expects datapoints to be in a top-down order
-			DhApiTerrainDataPoint first = dataPoints.get(0);
-			DhApiTerrainDataPoint last = dataPoints.get(dataPoints.size() - 1);
-			if (first.bottomYBlockPos < last.bottomYBlockPos)
-			{
-				// flip the array if it's in bottom-up order
-				Collections.reverse(dataPoints);
-			}
-			
-		}
-		
-		
-		
-		// check that each datapoint is valid
-		int lastBottomYPos = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
-		for (int i = 0; i < dataPoints.size(); i++) // standard for-loop used instead of an enhanced for-loop to slightly reduce GC overhead due to iterator allocation
-		{
-			DhApiTerrainDataPoint dataPoint = dataPoints.get(i);
-			
-			if (dataPoint == null)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Datapoint: ["+i+"] is null DhApiTerrainDataPoints are not allowed. If you want to represent empty terrain, please use AIR.");
-			}
-			
-			if (dataPoint.detailLevel != 0)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Datapoint: ["+i+"] has the wrong detail level ["+dataPoint.detailLevel+"], all data points must be block sized; IE their detail level must be [0].");
-			}
-			
-			
-			
-			int bottomYPos = dataPoint.bottomYBlockPos;
-			int topYPos = dataPoint.topYBlockPos;
-			int height = (dataPoint.topYBlockPos - dataPoint.bottomYBlockPos);
-			
-			// is the datapoint right side up?
-			if (bottomYPos > topYPos)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Datapoint: ["+i+"] is upside down. Top Pos: ["+topYPos+"], bottom pos: ["+bottomYPos+"].");
-			}
-			// valid height?
-			if (height <= 0 || height >= RenderDataPointUtil.MAX_WORLD_Y_SIZE)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Datapoint: ["+i+"] has invalid height. Height must be in the range [1 - "+RenderDataPointUtil.MAX_WORLD_Y_SIZE+"] (inclusive).");
-			}
-			
-			// is this datapoint overlapping the last one?
-			if (lastBottomYPos > topYPos)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("DhApiTerrainDataPoint ["+i+"] is overlapping with the last datapoint, this top Y: ["+topYPos+"], lastBottomYPos: ["+lastBottomYPos+"].");
-			}
-			// is there a gap between the last datapoint?
-			if (topYPos != lastBottomYPos
-				&& lastBottomYPos != Integer.MIN_VALUE)
-			{
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("DhApiTerrainDataPoint ["+i+"] has a gap between it and index ["+(i-1)+"]. Empty spaces should be filled by air, otherwise DH's downsampling won't calculate lighting correctly.");
-			}
-			
-			
-			lastBottomYPos = bottomYPos; 
-		}
-		
-	}
-	
 	
 	
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/enums/EDhDirection.java

@@ -98,9 +98,7 @@ public enum EDhDirection
 	private static final EDhDirection[] VALUES = values();
 	
 	private static final Map<String, EDhDirection> BY_NAME = Arrays.stream(VALUES).collect(Collectors.toMap(EDhDirection::getName, (p_199787_0_) ->
-	{
+			p_199787_0_));
-		return p_199787_0_;
-	}));
 
 //	private static final LodDirection[] BY_3D_DATA = Arrays.stream(VALUES).sorted(Comparator.comparingInt((p_199790_0_) ->
 //	{
@@ -247,36 +245,26 @@ public enum EDhDirection
 	
 	public EDhDirection getClockWise()
 	{
-		switch (this)
+		return switch (this)
 		{
-			case NORTH:
+			case NORTH -> EAST;
-				return EAST;
+			case SOUTH -> WEST;
-			case SOUTH:
+			case WEST -> NORTH;
-				return WEST;
+			case EAST -> SOUTH;
-			case WEST:
+			default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to get Y-rotated facing of " + this);
-				return NORTH;
+		};
-			case EAST:
-				return SOUTH;
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to get Y-rotated facing of " + this);
-		}
 	}
 	
 	public EDhDirection getCounterClockWise()
 	{
-		switch (this)
+		return switch (this)
 		{
-			case NORTH:
+			case NORTH -> WEST;
-				return WEST;
+			case SOUTH -> EAST;
-			case SOUTH:
+			case WEST -> SOUTH;
-				return EAST;
+			case EAST -> NORTH;
-			case WEST:
+			default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to get CCW facing of " + this);
-				return SOUTH;
+		};
-			case EAST:
-				return NORTH;
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to get CCW facing of " + this);
-		}
 	}
 	
 	public String getName()
@@ -317,16 +305,11 @@ public enum EDhDirection
 	
 	public static EDhDirection fromAxisAndDirection(EDhDirection.Axis p_211699_0_, EDhDirection.AxisDirection p_211699_1_)
 	{
-		switch (p_211699_0_)
+        return switch (p_211699_0_) {
-		{
+            case X -> p_211699_1_ == AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? EAST : WEST;
-			case X:
+            case Y -> p_211699_1_ == AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? UP : DOWN;
-				return p_211699_1_ == EDhDirection.AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? EAST : WEST;
+            default -> p_211699_1_ == AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? SOUTH : NORTH;
-			case Y:
+        };
-				return p_211699_1_ == EDhDirection.AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? UP : DOWN;
-			case Z:
-			default:
-				return p_211699_1_ == EDhDirection.AxisDirection.POSITIVE ? SOUTH : NORTH;
-		}
 	}
 
 //	public float toYRot()
@@ -436,9 +419,7 @@ public enum EDhDirection
 		private static final EDhDirection.Axis[] VALUES = values();
 		
 		private static final Map<String, EDhDirection.Axis> BY_NAME = Arrays.stream(VALUES).collect(Collectors.toMap(EDhDirection.Axis::getName, (p_199785_0_) ->
-		{
+                p_199785_0_));
-			return p_199785_0_;
-		}));
 		private final String name;
 		
 		Axis(String name)

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/file/fullDatafile/FullDataSourceProviderV2.java

@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ public class FullDataSourceProviderV2
 		
 		// start migrating any legacy data sources present in the background
 		this.migrationThreadPool = ThreadUtil.makeRateLimitedThreadPool(1, MIGRATION_THREAD_NAME_PREFIX +"["+dimensionName+"]", Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.runTimeRatioForUpdatePropagatorThreads.get(), Thread.MIN_PRIORITY, (Semaphore)null);
-		this.migrationThreadPool.execute(() -> this.convertLegacyDataSources());
+		this.migrationThreadPool.execute(this::convertLegacyDataSources);
 		
 		this.updateQueueProcessor = ThreadUtil.makeSingleThreadPool("Parent Update Queue ["+dimensionName+"]");
-		this.updateQueueProcessor.execute(() -> this.runUpdateQueue());
+		this.updateQueueProcessor.execute(this::runUpdateQueue);
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -604,12 +604,12 @@ public class FullDataSourceProviderV2
 	public void debugRender(DebugRenderer renderer)
 	{
 		this.lockedPosSet
-				.forEach((pos) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 74f, 0.15f, Color.PINK)); });
+				.forEach((pos) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 74f, 0.15f, Color.PINK)));
 		
 		this.queuedUpdateCountsByPos
-				.forEach((pos, updateCountRef) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f + (updateCountRef.get() * 16f), 0.20f, Color.WHITE)); });
+				.forEach((pos, updateCountRef) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f + (updateCountRef.get() * 16f), 0.20f, Color.WHITE)));
 		this.parentUpdatingPosSet
-				.forEach((pos) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f, 0.20f, Color.MAGENTA)); });
+				.forEach((pos) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f, 0.20f, Color.MAGENTA)));
 	}
 	
 	@Override 

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/file/fullDatafile/GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider.java

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider extends FullDataSourceProviderV2 im
 		// if the generation task was split up into smaller positions, add the on-complete event to them
 		for (CompletableFuture<WorldGenResult> siblingFuture : genTaskResult.childFutures)
 		{
-			siblingFuture.whenComplete((siblingGenTaskResult, siblingEx) -> this.onWorldGenTaskComplete(siblingGenTaskResult, siblingEx));
+			siblingFuture.whenComplete(this::onWorldGenTaskComplete);
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ public class GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider extends FullDataSourceProviderV2 im
 		
 		GenTask genTask = new GenTask(genPos);
 		CompletableFuture<WorldGenResult> worldGenFuture = worldGenQueue.submitGenTask(genPos, (byte) (DhSectionPos.getDetailLevel(genPos) - DhSectionPos.SECTION_MINIMUM_DETAIL_LEVEL), genTask);
-		worldGenFuture.whenComplete((genTaskResult, ex) -> this.onWorldGenTaskComplete(genTaskResult, ex));
+		worldGenFuture.whenComplete(this::onWorldGenTaskComplete);
 		
 		return true;
 	}
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ public class GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider extends FullDataSourceProviderV2 im
 		super.debugRender(renderer);
 		
 		this.delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache.dataSourceByPosition
-				.forEach((pos, dataSource) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f, 0.20f, Color.green.darker())); });
+				.forEach((pos, dataSource) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 80f, 0.20f, Color.green.darker())));
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -387,10 +387,7 @@ public class GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider extends FullDataSourceProviderV2 im
 		@Override
 		public Consumer<FullDataSourceV2> getChunkDataConsumer()
 		{
-			return (chunkSizedFullDataSource) ->
+			return GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider.this.delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache::queueDataSourceForUpdateAndSave;
-			{
-				GeneratedFullDataSourceProvider.this.delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache.queueDataSourceForUpdateAndSave(chunkSizedFullDataSource);
-			};
 		}
 	}
 	private void onDataSourceSave(FullDataSourceV2 fullDataSource) 

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/file/structure/ClientOnlySaveStructure.java

@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.config.EDhApiServerFolderNameMode;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level.IServerKeyedClientLevel;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.objects.ParsedIp;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftSharedWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IClientLevelWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IDimensionTypeWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.ILevelWrapper;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.StringUtil;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.util.*;
@@ -85,9 +85,8 @@ public class ClientOnlySaveStructure extends AbstractSaveStructure
 		return this.levelWrapperToFileMap.computeIfAbsent(levelWrapper, (newLevelWrapper) ->
 		{
 			// Use the server provided key if one was provided
-			if (newLevelWrapper instanceof IServerKeyedClientLevel)
+			if (newLevelWrapper instanceof IServerKeyedClientLevel keyedClientLevel)
 			{
-				IServerKeyedClientLevel keyedClientLevel = (IServerKeyedClientLevel) newLevelWrapper;
 				LOGGER.info("Loading level " + newLevelWrapper.getDimensionType().getDimensionName() + " with key: " + keyedClientLevel.getServerLevelKey());
 				// This world was identified by the server directly, so we can know for sure which folder to use.
 				return new File(getSaveStructureFolderPath() + File.separatorChar + keyedClientLevel.getServerLevelKey());
@@ -95,9 +94,8 @@ public class ClientOnlySaveStructure extends AbstractSaveStructure
 			
 			
 			// use multiverse matching if enabled and in multiplayer (the server should already know where the player is)
-			if (newLevelWrapper instanceof IClientLevelWrapper && Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.multiverseSimilarityRequiredPercent.get() != 0)
+			if (newLevelWrapper instanceof IClientLevelWrapper newClientLevelWrapper && Config.Client.Advanced.Multiplayer.multiverseSimilarityRequiredPercent.get() != 0)
 			{
-				IClientLevelWrapper newClientLevelWrapper = (IClientLevelWrapper) newLevelWrapper;
 				
 				// create the matcher if one doesn't exist
 				if (this.subDimMatcher == null || !this.subDimMatcher.isFindingLevel(newClientLevelWrapper))
@@ -134,12 +132,12 @@ public class ClientOnlySaveStructure extends AbstractSaveStructure
 	private File getLevelFolderWithoutSimilarityMatching(ILevelWrapper level)
 	{
 		List<File> folders = this.getDhDataFoldersForDimension(level.getDimensionType());
-		if (!folders.isEmpty() && folders.get(0) != null)
+		if (!folders.isEmpty() && folders.getFirst() != null)
 		{
 			// use the first existing sub-dimension
-			String folderName = folders.get(0).getName();
+			String folderName = folders.getFirst().getName();
-			LOGGER.info("Default Sub Dimension set to: [" + StringUtil.shortenString(folderName, 8) + "...]");
+			LOGGER.info("Default Sub Dimension set to: [" + LodUtil.shortenString(folderName, 8) + "...]");
-			return folders.get(0);
+			return folders.getFirst();
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -270,27 +268,14 @@ public class ClientOnlySaveStructure extends AbstractSaveStructure
 		
 		
 		// generate the folder name
-		String folderName;
+		String folderName = switch (folderNameMode)
-		switch (folderNameMode)
 		{
-			default:
+			default -> serverName;
-			case NAME_ONLY:
+			case IP_ONLY -> serverIpCleaned;
-				folderName = serverName;
+			case NAME_IP -> serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned;
-				break;
+			case NAME_IP_PORT -> serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned + (serverPortCleaned.length() != 0 ? ("-" + serverPortCleaned) : "");
-			case IP_ONLY:
+			case NAME_IP_PORT_MC_VERSION -> serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned + (serverPortCleaned.length() != 0 ? ("-" + serverPortCleaned) : "") + ", GameVersion " + serverMcVersion;
-				folderName = serverIpCleaned;
+		};
-				break;
-			
-			case NAME_IP:
-				folderName = serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned;
-				break;
-			case NAME_IP_PORT:
-				folderName = serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned + (serverPortCleaned.length() != 0 ? ("-" + serverPortCleaned) : "");
-				break;
-			case NAME_IP_PORT_MC_VERSION:
-				folderName = serverName + ", IP " + serverIpCleaned + (serverPortCleaned.length() != 0 ? ("-" + serverPortCleaned) : "") + ", GameVersion " + serverMcVersion;
-				break;
-		}
 		
 		// PercentEscaper makes the characters all part of the standard alphameric character set
 		// This fixes some issues when the server is named something in other languages

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/file/subDimMatching/SubDimensionLevelMatcher.java

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftCli
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IBiomeWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.IClientLevelWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.world.ILevelWrapper;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.util.StringUtil;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongArrayList;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
 
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ public class SubDimensionLevelMatcher implements AutoCloseable
 		if (potentialLevelFolders.size() == 0)
 		{
 			String newId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
-			LOGGER.info("No potential level files found. Creating a new sub dimension with the ID ["+ StringUtil.shortenString(newId, 8)+"]...");
+			LOGGER.info("No potential level files found. Creating a new sub dimension with the ID ["+LodUtil.shortenString(newId, 8)+"]...");
 			this.foundLevelFile = this.CreateSubDimFolder(newId);
 		}
 	}
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ public class SubDimensionLevelMatcher implements AutoCloseable
 		SubDimCompare mostSimilarSubDim = null;
 		for (File testLevelFolder : this.potentialLevelFolders)
 		{
-			LOGGER.info("Testing level folder: [" + StringUtil.shortenString(testLevelFolder.getName(), 8) + "]");
+			LOGGER.info("Testing level folder: [" + LodUtil.shortenString(testLevelFolder.getName(), 8) + "]");
 			
 			FullDataSourceV2 testFullDataSource = null;
 			try
@@ -329,8 +328,8 @@ public class SubDimensionLevelMatcher implements AutoCloseable
 				}
 				
 				
-				String subDimShortName = StringUtil.shortenString(testLevelFolder.getName(), 8); // variables are separated out for easier debugging
+				String subDimShortName = LodUtil.shortenString(testLevelFolder.getName(), 8); // variables are separated out for easier debugging
-				String equalPercent = StringUtil.shortenString(mostSimilarSubDim.getPercentEqual()+"", 5);
+				String equalPercent = LodUtil.shortenString(mostSimilarSubDim.getPercentEqual()+"", 5);
 				LOGGER.info("Sub dimension ["+subDimShortName+"...] is current dimension probability: "+equalPercent+" ("+equalDataPoints+"/"+totalDataPointCount+")");
 			}
 			catch (Exception e)
@@ -360,7 +359,7 @@ public class SubDimensionLevelMatcher implements AutoCloseable
 		{
 			// we found a sub dim folder that is similar, use it
 			
-			LOGGER.info("Sub Dimension set to: [" + StringUtil.shortenString(mostSimilarSubDim.folder.getName(), 8) + "...] with an equality of [" + mostSimilarSubDim.getPercentEqual() + "]");
+			LOGGER.info("Sub Dimension set to: [" + LodUtil.shortenString(mostSimilarSubDim.folder.getName(), 8) + "...] with an equality of [" + mostSimilarSubDim.getPercentEqual() + "]");
 			return mostSimilarSubDim.folder;
 		}
 		else
@@ -370,7 +369,7 @@ public class SubDimensionLevelMatcher implements AutoCloseable
 			String newId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
 			
 			double highestEqualityPercent = mostSimilarSubDim != null ? mostSimilarSubDim.getPercentEqual() : 0;
-			String message = "No suitable sub dimension found. The highest equality was [" + StringUtil.shortenString(highestEqualityPercent + "", 5) + "]. Creating a new sub dimension with ID: " + StringUtil.shortenString(newId, 8) + "...";
+			String message = "No suitable sub dimension found. The highest equality was [" + LodUtil.shortenString(highestEqualityPercent + "", 5) + "]. Creating a new sub dimension with ID: " + LodUtil.shortenString(newId, 8) + "...";
 			LOGGER.info(message);
 			
 			File folder = this.CreateSubDimFolder(newId);

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/generation/BatchGenerator.java

@@ -47,6 +47,15 @@ public class BatchGenerator implements IDhApiWorldGenerator
 	private static final IWrapperFactory FACTORY = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IWrapperFactory.class);
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = DhLoggerBuilder.getLogger();
 	
+	/**
+	 * Defines how many tasks can be queued per thread. <br><br>
+	 *
+	 * TODO the multiplier here should change dynamically based on how fast the generator is vs the queuing thread,
+	 *  if this is too high it may cause issues when moving,
+	 *  but if it is too low the generator threads won't have enough tasks to work on
+	 */
+	private static final int MAX_QUEUED_TASKS_PER_THREAD = 3;
+	
 	public AbstractBatchGenerationEnvironmentWrapper generationEnvironment;
 	public IDhLevel targetDhLevel;
 	
@@ -100,23 +109,17 @@ public class BatchGenerator implements IDhApiWorldGenerator
 			int chunkPosMinX, int chunkPosMinZ, byte granularity, byte targetDataDetail, EDhApiDistantGeneratorMode generatorMode,
 			ExecutorService worldGeneratorThreadPool, Consumer<Object[]> resultConsumer)
 	{
-		EDhApiWorldGenerationStep targetStep = null;
+		EDhApiWorldGenerationStep targetStep = switch (generatorMode)
-		switch (generatorMode)
 		{
-			case PRE_EXISTING_ONLY: // Only load in existing chunks. Note: this requires the biome generation step in order for biomes to be properly initialized.
+			case PRE_EXISTING_ONLY -> // Only load in existing chunks. Note: this requires the biome generation step in order for biomes to be properly initialized.
-			//case BIOME_ONLY: // No blocks. Require fake height in LodBuilder
+				//case BIOME_ONLY: // No blocks. Require fake height in LodBuilder
-				targetStep = EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.BIOMES; 
+					EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.BIOMES;
-				break;
 			//case BIOME_ONLY_SIMULATE_HEIGHT:
 			//	targetStep = EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.NOISE; // Stone only. Requires a fake surface
 			//	break;
-			case SURFACE:
+			case SURFACE -> EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.SURFACE;
-				targetStep = EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.SURFACE;
+			case FEATURES -> EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.FEATURES;
-				break;
+		};
-			case FEATURES:
-				targetStep = EDhApiWorldGenerationStep.FEATURES;
-				break;
-		}
 		
 		int genChunkSize = BitShiftUtil.powerOfTwo(granularity - 4); // minus 4 is equal to dividing by 16 to convert to chunk scale
 		
@@ -138,6 +141,14 @@ public class BatchGenerator implements IDhApiWorldGenerator
 	@Override
 	public void preGeneratorTaskStart() { this.generationEnvironment.updateAllFutures(); }
 	
+	@Override
+	public boolean isBusy()
+	{
+		int worldGenThreadCount = Math.max(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfWorldGenerationThreads.get(), 1);
+		int maxWorldGenTaskCount = worldGenThreadCount * MAX_QUEUED_TASKS_PER_THREAD;
+		return this.generationEnvironment.getEventCount() > maxWorldGenTaskCount;
+	}
+	
 	
 	
 	//=========//

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/generation/DhLightingEngine.java

@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ public class DhLightingEngine
 	 * Since these objects are always mutated anyway, using a {@link ThreadLocal} will allow us to
 	 * only create as many of these {@link DhBlockPos} as necessary.
 	 */
-	private static final ThreadLocal<DhBlockPos> PRIMARY_BLOCK_POS_REF = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new DhBlockPos());
+	private static final ThreadLocal<DhBlockPos> PRIMARY_BLOCK_POS_REF = ThreadLocal.withInitial(DhBlockPos::new);
-	private static final ThreadLocal<DhBlockPos> SECONDARY_BLOCK_POS_REF = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new DhBlockPos());
+	private static final ThreadLocal<DhBlockPos> SECONDARY_BLOCK_POS_REF = ThreadLocal.withInitial(DhBlockPos::new);
 	
 	
 	
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public class DhLightingEngine
 						{
 							for (int relZ = 0; relZ < LodUtil.CHUNK_WIDTH; relZ++)
 							{
-								// set each pos' sky light all the way down until an opaque block is hit
+								// set each pos' sky light all the way down until a opaque block is hit
 								for (int y = maxY; y >= minY; y--)
 								{
 									IBlockStateWrapper block = chunk.getBlockState(relX, y, relZ);

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/generation/WorldGenerationQueue.java

@@ -55,16 +55,6 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = DhLoggerBuilder.getLogger();
 	private static final IWrapperFactory WRAPPER_FACTORY = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IWrapperFactory.class);
 	
-	/**
-	 * Defines how many tasks can be queued per thread. <br><br>
-	 *
-	 * TODO the multiplier here should change dynamically based on how fast the generator is vs the queuing thread,
-	 *  if this is too high it may cause issues when moving,
-	 *  but if it is too low the generator threads won't have enough tasks to work on
-	 */
-	private static final int MAX_QUEUED_TASKS_PER_THREAD = 3;
-	
-	
 	private final IDhApiWorldGenerator generator;
 	
 	/** contains the positions that need to be generated */
@@ -216,7 +206,7 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 					
 					// queue generation tasks until the generator is full, or there are no more tasks to generate
 					boolean taskStarted = true;
-					while (!this.isGeneratorBusy() && taskStarted)
+					while (!this.generator.isBusy() && taskStarted)
 					{
 						taskStarted = this.startNextWorldGenTask(this.generationTargetPos);
 						if (!taskStarted)
@@ -243,19 +233,6 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 			}
 		});
 	}
-	public boolean isGeneratorBusy()
-	{
-		ThreadPoolExecutor executor = ThreadPoolUtil.getWorldGenExecutor();
-		if (executor == null)
-		{
-			// shouldn't happen, but just in case, don't queue more tasks
-			return true;
-		}
-		
-		int worldGenThreadCount = Math.max(Config.Client.Advanced.MultiThreading.numberOfWorldGenerationThreads.get(), 1);
-		int maxWorldGenTaskCount = worldGenThreadCount * MAX_QUEUED_TASKS_PER_THREAD;
-		return executor.getQueue().size() > maxWorldGenTaskCount;
-	}
 	
 	/**
 	 * @param targetPos the position to center the generation around
@@ -451,18 +428,16 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 	{
 		EDhApiDistantGeneratorMode generatorMode = Config.Client.Advanced.WorldGenerator.distantGeneratorMode.get();
 		EDhApiWorldGeneratorReturnType returnType = this.generator.getReturnType();
-		switch (returnType) 
+		return switch (returnType)
 		{
-			case VANILLA_CHUNKS: 
+			case VANILLA_CHUNKS -> this.generator.generateChunks(
-			{
-				return this.generator.generateChunks(
 					chunkPosMin.x,
 					chunkPosMin.z,
 					granularity,
 					targetDataDetail,
 					generatorMode,
 					ThreadPoolUtil.getWorldGenExecutor(),
-					(Object[] generatedObjectArray) -> 
+					(Object[] generatedObjectArray) ->
 					{
 						try
 						{
@@ -477,11 +452,8 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 							Config.Client.Advanced.WorldGenerator.enableDistantGeneration.set(false);
 						}
 					}
-				);
+			);
-			}
+			case API_CHUNKS -> this.generator.generateApiChunks(
-			case API_CHUNKS: 
-			{
-				return this.generator.generateApiChunks(
 					chunkPosMin.x,
 					chunkPosMin.z,
 					granularity,
@@ -492,10 +464,10 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 					{
 						try
 						{
-							FullDataSourceV2 dataSource = LodDataBuilder.createFromApiChunkData(dataPoints, this.generator.runApiChunkValidation());
+							FullDataSourceV2 dataSource = LodDataBuilder.createFromApiChunkData(dataPoints);
 							chunkDataConsumer.accept(dataSource);
 						}
-						catch (DataCorruptedException | IllegalArgumentException e)
+						catch (DataCorruptedException e)
 						{
 							LOGGER.error("World generator returned a corrupt chunk. Error: [" + e.getMessage() + "]. World generator disabled.", e);
 							Config.Client.Advanced.WorldGenerator.enableDistantGeneration.set(false);
@@ -506,14 +478,13 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 							Config.Client.Advanced.WorldGenerator.enableDistantGeneration.set(false);
 						}
 					}
-				);
+			);
-			}
+			default ->
-			default: 
 			{
 				Config.Client.Advanced.WorldGenerator.enableDistantGeneration.set(false);
 				throw new AssertFailureException("Unknown return type: " + returnType);
 			}
-		}
+		};
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -639,8 +610,8 @@ public class WorldGenerationQueue implements IFullDataSourceRetrievalQueue, IDeb
 	@Override
 	public void debugRender(DebugRenderer renderer)
 	{
-		this.waitingTasks.keySet().forEach((pos) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 64f, 0.05f, Color.blue)); });
+		this.waitingTasks.keySet().forEach((pos) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 64f, 0.05f, Color.blue)));
-		this.inProgressGenTasksByLodPos.forEach((pos, t) -> { renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 64f, 0.05f, Color.red)); });
+		this.inProgressGenTasksByLodPos.forEach((pos, t) -> renderer.renderBox(new DebugRenderer.Box(pos, -32f, 64f, 0.05f, Color.red)));
 	}
 	
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/DarkModeDetector.java

@@ -40,20 +40,14 @@ public class DarkModeDetector
 	
 	public static boolean isDarkMode()
 	{
-		switch (EPlatform.get())
+		return switch (EPlatform.get())
 		{
-			case WINDOWS:
+			case WINDOWS -> isWindowsDarkMode();
-				return isWindowsDarkMode();
+			case MACOS -> isMacOsDarkMode();
-			case MACOS:
+			// Most Unix(-like) distros also use a lot of the same things as Linux (like desktop environments and window managers)
-				return isMacOsDarkMode();
+			case LINUX, BSD, UNIX -> checkLinuxDark();
-			case LINUX:
+			default -> false;
-				// Most Unix(-like) distros also use a lot of the same things as Linux (like desktop environments and window managers)
+		};
-			case BSD:
-			case UNIX:
-				return checkLinuxDark();
-			default:
-				return false;
-		}
 	}
 	
 	// Needs checking as I dont use Mac

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/JarMain.java

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class JarMain
 		
 		
 		// Selected download
-		AtomicReference<String> downloadID = new AtomicReference<String>("");
+		AtomicReference<String> downloadID = new AtomicReference<>("");
 		
 		
 		// This is for the panel to show the update description

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/JarUtils.java

@@ -175,17 +175,12 @@ public class JarUtils
 	@Deprecated
 	public static OperatingSystem getOperatingSystem()
 	{ // Get the os and turn it into that enum
-		switch (EPlatform.get())
+        return switch (EPlatform.get()) {
-		{
+            case WINDOWS -> OperatingSystem.WINDOWS;
-			case WINDOWS:
+            case LINUX -> OperatingSystem.LINUX;
-				return OperatingSystem.WINDOWS;
+            case MACOS -> OperatingSystem.MACOS;
-			case LINUX:
+            default -> OperatingSystem.NONE;
-				return OperatingSystem.LINUX;
+        };
-			case MACOS:
-				return OperatingSystem.MACOS;
-			default:
-				return OperatingSystem.NONE;
-		}
 	}
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/gui/BaseJFrame.java

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class BaseJFrame extends JFrame
 				final BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr)
 		)
 		{
-			List<Object> col = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(br.lines().toArray())));
+			List<Object> col = List.of(br.lines().toArray());
 			for (Object obj : col)
 			{
 				langsToChoose.add(((String) obj).replaceAll("\\.json", ""));
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ public class BaseJFrame extends JFrame
 		}
 		
 		// Creates the box
-		JComboBox<String> languageBox = new JComboBox(new DefaultComboBoxModel(langsToChoose.toArray()));
+		JComboBox<String> languageBox = new JComboBox<>(new DefaultComboBoxModel(langsToChoose.toArray()));
 		languageBox.setSelectedIndex(langsToChoose.indexOf(Locale.getDefault().toString().toLowerCase()));
 		languageBox.addActionListener(e -> {
 			Locale.setDefault(Locale.forLanguageTag(languageBox.getSelectedItem().toString())); // Change lang on update

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/installer/GitlabGetter.java

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ public class GitlabGetter
 	public static void main(String[] args) {
 		GitlabGetter gitlabGetter = new GitlabGetter();
 		
-		System.out.println(gitlabGetter.getDownloads(gitlabGetter.projectPipelines.get(0).get("id")));
+		System.out.println(gitlabGetter.getDownloads(gitlabGetter.projectPipelines.getFirst().get("id")));
 	}
 	
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/installer/ModrinthGetter.java

@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ public class ModrinthGetter
 					downloadUrl.put(workingID,
 							new URL(
 									((Config)
-											((ArrayList) currentRelease.get("files"))
+											((ArrayList<?>) currentRelease.get("files"))
-													.get(0))
+													.getFirst())
 											.get("url")
 											.toString()
 							));
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public class ModrinthGetter
 	{
 		try
 		{
-			return mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).get(0);
+			return mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).getFirst();
 		}
 		catch (Exception e)
 		{
@@ -121,17 +121,17 @@ public class ModrinthGetter
 	}
 	public static String getLatestNameForVersion(String mcVer)
 	{
-		return releaseNames.get(mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).get(0));
+		return releaseNames.get(mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).getFirst());
 	}
 	public static URL getLatestDownloadForVersion(String mcVer)
 	{
-		return downloadUrl.get(mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).get(0));
+		return downloadUrl.get(mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).getFirst());
 	}
 	public static String getLatestShaForVersion(String mcVer)
 	{
 		return (((ArrayList<Config>) idToJson.get(
-				mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).get(0)
+				mcVerToReleaseID.get(mcVer).getFirst()
-		).get("files")).get(0).get("hashes.sha1")
+		).get("files")).getFirst().get("hashes.sha1")
 				.toString());
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/jar/updater/SelfUpdater.java

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public class SelfUpdater
 	{
 		if (GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.size() == 0)
 			return false;
-		com.electronwill.nightconfig.core.Config pipeline = GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.get(0);
+		com.electronwill.nightconfig.core.Config pipeline = GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.getFirst();
 		
 		if (!pipeline.get("ref").equals(ModJarInfo.Git_Branch))
 		{
@@ -186,16 +186,13 @@ public class SelfUpdater
 	}
 	public static boolean updateMod(String minecraftVersion, File file)
 	{
-		boolean returnValue = false;
+		boolean returnValue = switch (Config.Client.Advanced.AutoUpdater.updateBranch.get())
-		switch (Config.Client.Advanced.AutoUpdater.updateBranch.get())
 		{
-			case STABLE:
+			case STABLE -> updateStableMod(minecraftVersion, file);
-				returnValue = updateStableMod(minecraftVersion, file);
+			case NIGHTLY -> updateNightlyMod(minecraftVersion, file);
-				break;
+			default -> false;
-			case NIGHTLY:
-				returnValue = updateNightlyMod(minecraftVersion, file);
-				break;
 		};
+		;
 		return returnValue;
 	}
 	
@@ -253,7 +250,7 @@ public class SelfUpdater
 			
 			File mergedZip = file.getParentFile().toPath().resolve("merged.zip").toFile();
 			
-			WebDownloader.downloadAsFile(GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.getDownloads(GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.get(0).get("id")).get(minecraftVersion), mergedZip);
+			WebDownloader.downloadAsFile(GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.getDownloads(GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.getFirst().get("id")).get(minecraftVersion), mergedZip);
 			
 			ZipInputStream zis = new ZipInputStream(new FileInputStream(mergedZip));
 			ZipEntry zipEntry = zis.getNextEntry();
@@ -301,7 +298,7 @@ public class SelfUpdater
 		}
 		catch (Exception e)
 		{
-			LOGGER.warn("Failed to update " + ModInfo.READABLE_NAME + " to version " + GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.get(0).get("sha"));
+			LOGGER.warn("Failed to update " + ModInfo.READABLE_NAME + " to version " + GitlabGetter.INSTANCE.projectPipelines.getFirst().get("sha"));
 			e.printStackTrace();
 			return false;
 		}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/AbstractDhLevel.java

@@ -19,19 +19,28 @@
 
 package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level;
 
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.render.IDhApiRenderableBoxGroup;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.methods.events.abstractEvents.DhApiChunkModifiedEvent;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.math.DhApiVec3f;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.render.DhApiRenderableBox;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.render.DhApiRenderableBoxGroupShading;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.fullData.sources.FullDataSourceV2;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.transformers.ChunkToLodBuilder;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.file.fullDatafile.DelayedFullDataSourceSaveCache;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.DhLoggerBuilder;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhBlockPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhChunkPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhSectionPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.generic.BeaconRenderHandler;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.generic.CloudRenderHandler;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.generic.GenericObjectRenderer;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.generic.GenericRenderObjectFactory;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.dto.BeaconBeamDTO;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.dto.ChunkHashDTO;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.repo.BeaconBeamRepo;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.sql.repo.ChunkHashRepo;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.LodUtil;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.chunk.IChunkWrapper;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.coreapi.DependencyInjection.ApiEventInjector;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
@@ -50,6 +59,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 {
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = DhLoggerBuilder.getLogger();
 	
+	public final ChunkToLodBuilder chunkToLodBuilder;
+	
 	/** if this is null then the other handler is probably null too, but just in case */
 	@Nullable
 	public ChunkHashRepo chunkHashRepo;
@@ -60,7 +71,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 	protected final DelayedFullDataSourceSaveCache delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache = new DelayedFullDataSourceSaveCache(this::onDataSourceSave, 2_000);
 	/** contains the {@link DhChunkPos} for each {@link DhSectionPos} that are queued to save via {@link AbstractDhLevel#delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache} */
 	protected final ConcurrentHashMap<Long, HashSet<DhChunkPos>> updatedChunkPosSetBySectionPos = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
-	protected final ConcurrentHashMap<DhChunkPos, Integer> updatedChunkHashesByChunkPos = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 	
 	/** Will be null if clouds shouldn't be rendered for this level. */
 	@Nullable
@@ -73,7 +83,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 	// constructor //
 	//=============//
 	
-	protected AbstractDhLevel() {  }
+	protected AbstractDhLevel() 
+	{ 
+		this.chunkToLodBuilder = new ChunkToLodBuilder();
+	}
 	
 	/** 
 	 * Creating the repos requires access to the level file, which isn't
@@ -139,7 +152,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 	public int getUnsavedDataSourceCount() { return this.delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache.getUnsavedCount(); }
 	
 	@Override
-	public void updateChunkAsync(IChunkWrapper chunkWrapper, int chunkHash)
+	public void updateChunkAsync(IChunkWrapper chunkWrapper)
 	{
 		FullDataSourceV2 dataSource = FullDataSourceV2.createFromChunk(chunkWrapper);
 		if (dataSource == null)
@@ -158,7 +171,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 			chunkPosSet.add(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos());
 			return chunkPosSet;
 		});
-		this.updatedChunkHashesByChunkPos.put(chunkWrapper.getChunkPos(), chunkHash);
 		
 		// batch updates to reduce overhead when flying around or breaking/placing a lot of blocks in an area
 		this.delayedFullDataSourceSaveCache.queueDataSourceForUpdateAndSave(dataSource);
@@ -173,13 +185,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 			{
 				for (DhChunkPos chunkPos : updatedChunkPosSet)
 				{
-					// save after the data source has been updated to prevent saving the hash without the associated datasource
-					Integer chunkHash = this.updatedChunkHashesByChunkPos.remove(chunkPos);
-					if (this.chunkHashRepo != null && chunkHash != null)
-					{
-						this.chunkHashRepo.save(new ChunkHashDTO(chunkPos, chunkHash));
-					}
-					
 					ApiEventInjector.INSTANCE.fireAllEvents(
 							DhApiChunkModifiedEvent.class,
 							new DhApiChunkModifiedEvent.EventParam(this.getLevelWrapper(), chunkPos.x, chunkPos.z));
@@ -207,6 +212,14 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 		ChunkHashDTO dto = this.chunkHashRepo.getByKey(pos);
 		return (dto != null) ? dto.chunkHash : 0;
 	}
+	@Override
+	public void setChunkHash(DhChunkPos pos, int chunkHash)
+	{
+		if (this.chunkHashRepo != null)
+		{
+			this.chunkHashRepo.save(new ChunkHashDTO(pos, chunkHash));
+		}
+	}
 	
 	
 	
@@ -249,6 +262,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractDhLevel implements IDhLevel
 	@Override
 	public void close() 
 	{ 
+		this.chunkToLodBuilder.close();
+		
 		if (this.chunkHashRepo != null)
 		{
 			this.chunkHashRepo.close();

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/ClientLevelModule.java

@@ -258,8 +258,6 @@ public class ClientLevelModule implements Closeable, AbstractDataSourceHandler.I
 	
 	public void clearRenderCache()
 	{
-		this.clientLevel.getClientLevelWrapper().clearBlockColorCache();
-		
 		ClientRenderState ClientRenderState = this.ClientRenderStateRef.get();
 		if (ClientRenderState != null && ClientRenderState.quadtree != null)
 		{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/DhClientLevel.java

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ public class DhClientLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhClientLevel
 	{
 		try
 		{
+			this.chunkToLodBuilder.tick();
 			this.clientside.clientTick();
 		}
 		catch (Exception e)
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ public class DhClientLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhClientLevel
 	//================//
 	
 	@Override
-	public int computeBaseColor(DhBlockPos pos, IBiomeWrapper biome, IBlockStateWrapper block) { return this.levelWrapper.getBlockColor(pos, biome, block); }
+	public int computeBaseColor(DhBlockPos pos, IBiomeWrapper biome, IBlockStateWrapper block) { return this.levelWrapper.computeBaseColor(pos, biome, block); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public IClientLevelWrapper getClientLevelWrapper() { return this.levelWrapper; }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/DhClientServerLevel.java

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class DhClientServerLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhClientLev
 	{ this.clientside.renderDeferred(renderEventParam, profiler); }
 	
 	@Override
-	public void serverTick() {  }
+	public void serverTick() { this.chunkToLodBuilder.tick(); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public void doWorldGen()
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public class DhClientServerLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhClientLev
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			return clientLevel.getBlockColor(pos, biome, block);
+			return clientLevel.computeBaseColor(pos, biome, block);
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -154,7 +154,10 @@ public class DhClientServerLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhClientLev
 	public IClientLevelWrapper getClientLevelWrapper() { return MC_CLIENT.getWrappedClientLevel(); }
 	
 	@Override
-	public void clearRenderCache() { this.clientside.clearRenderCache(); }
+	public void clearRenderCache()
+	{
+		clientside.clearRenderCache();
+	}
 	
 	@Override
 	public IServerLevelWrapper getServerLevelWrapper() { return serverLevelWrapper; }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/DhServerLevel.java

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public class DhServerLevel extends AbstractDhLevel implements IDhServerLevel
 	// methods //
 	//=========//
 	
-	public void serverTick() {  }
+	public void serverTick() { this.chunkToLodBuilder.tick(); }
 	
 	@Override
 	public CompletableFuture<Void> updateDataSourcesAsync(FullDataSourceV2 data) { return this.getFullDataProvider().updateDataSourceAsync(data); }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/level/IDhLevel.java

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ public interface IDhLevel extends AutoCloseable
 	
 	/** @return 0 if no hash is known */
 	int getChunkHash(DhChunkPos pos);
-	void updateChunkAsync(IChunkWrapper chunk, int newChunkHash);
+	void setChunkHash(DhChunkPos pos, int chunkHash);
+	void updateChunkAsync(IChunkWrapper chunk);
 	
 	void loadBeaconBeamsInPos(long pos);
 	void setBeaconBeamsForChunk(DhChunkPos chunkPos, List<BeaconBeamDTO> beamList);

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/logging/ConfigBasedLogger.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class ConfigBasedLogger
 	
 	
 	public static final List<WeakReference<ConfigBasedLogger>> loggers
-			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<WeakReference<ConfigBasedLogger>>());
+			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<>());
 	
 	public static synchronized void updateAll()
 	{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/logging/ConfigBasedSpamLogger.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class ConfigBasedSpamLogger
 	private static final IMinecraftClientWrapper MC = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IMinecraftClientWrapper.class);
 	
 	public static final List<WeakReference<ConfigBasedSpamLogger>> loggers
-			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<WeakReference<ConfigBasedSpamLogger>>());
+			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<>());
 	
 	public static synchronized void updateAll(boolean flush)
 	{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/logging/SpamReducedLogger.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public class SpamReducedLogger
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass().getSimpleName());
 	
 	public static final List<WeakReference<SpamReducedLogger>> loggers
-			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<WeakReference<SpamReducedLogger>>());
+			= Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<>());
 	
 	public static synchronized void flushAll()
 	{
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public class SpamReducedLogger
 	public SpamReducedLogger(int maxLogPerSec)
 	{
 		maxLogCount = maxLogPerSec;
-		loggers.add(new WeakReference<SpamReducedLogger>(this));
+		loggers.add(new WeakReference<>(this));
 	}
 	
 	public void reset()

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/logging/f3/F3Screen.java

@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@ public class F3Screen
 		ThreadPoolExecutor worldGenPool = ThreadPoolUtil.getWorldGenExecutor();
 		ThreadPoolExecutor fileHandlerPool = ThreadPoolUtil.getFileHandlerExecutor();
 		ThreadPoolExecutor updatePool = ThreadPoolUtil.getUpdatePropagatorExecutor();
-		ThreadPoolExecutor bufferBuilderPool = ThreadPoolUtil.getBufferBuilderExecutor();
-		ThreadPoolExecutor bufferUploaderPool = ThreadPoolUtil.getBufferUploaderExecutor();
 		
 		AbstractDhWorld world = SharedApi.getAbstractDhWorld();
 		Iterable<? extends IDhLevel> levelIterator = world.getAllLoadedLevels();
@@ -86,8 +84,6 @@ public class F3Screen
 		messageList.add(getThreadPoolStatString("World Gen", worldGenPool));//"World Gen Tasks: 40/5304, (in progress: 7)");
 		messageList.add(getThreadPoolStatString("File Handler", fileHandlerPool));
 		messageList.add(getThreadPoolStatString("Update Propagator", updatePool));
-		messageList.add(getThreadPoolStatString("Buffer Builder", bufferBuilderPool));
-		messageList.add(getThreadPoolStatString("Buffer Uploader", bufferUploaderPool));
 		messageList.add("");
 		// chunk updates
 		messageList.add(SharedApi.INSTANCE.getDebugMenuString());

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/pos/DhBlockPos2D.java

@@ -85,9 +85,8 @@ public class DhBlockPos2D
 	@Override
 	public boolean equals(Object obj)
 	{
-		if (obj instanceof DhBlockPos2D)
+		if (obj instanceof DhBlockPos2D other)
 		{
-			DhBlockPos2D other = (DhBlockPos2D) obj;
 			return this.x == other.x && this.z == other.z;
 		}
 		

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/pos/DhSectionPos.java

@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ import java.util.function.LongConsumer;
  * For the specifics of how they compare can be viewed in the constants {@link #SECTION_BLOCK_DETAIL_LEVEL},
  * {@link #SECTION_CHUNK_DETAIL_LEVEL}, and {@link #SECTION_REGION_DETAIL_LEVEL}).<br><br>
  *
- * <strong>Why does the smallest render section represent 4x4 MC chunks (section detail level 6)? </strong> <br>
+ * <strong>Why does the smallest render section represent 2x2 MC chunks (section detail level 6)? </strong> <br>
  * A section defines what unit the quad tree works in, because of that we don't want that unit to be too big or too small. <br>
  * <strong>Too small</strong>, and we'll have 1,000s of sections running around, all needing individual files and render buffers.<br>
  * <strong>Too big</strong>, and the LOD dropoff will be very noticeable.<br>
- * With those thoughts in mind we decided on a smallest section size of 64 data points square (IE 4x4 chunks).
+ * With those thoughts in mind we decided on a smallest section size of 32 data points square (IE 2x2 chunks).
  *
  * @author Leetom
  */

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/pos/Pos2D.java

@@ -80,9 +80,8 @@ public class Pos2D
 	{
 		if (otherObj == this)
 			return true;
-		if (otherObj instanceof Pos2D)
+		if (otherObj instanceof Pos2D otherPos)
 		{
-			Pos2D otherPos = (Pos2D) otherObj;
 			return this.x == otherPos.x && this.y == otherPos.y;
 		}
 		return false;

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/DhFrustumBounds.java

@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ public class DhFrustumBounds implements IDhApiCullingFrustum
 		Vector3f lodMin = new Vector3f(lodBlockPosMinX, this.worldMinY, lodBlockPosMinZ);
 		Vector3f lodMax = new Vector3f(lodBlockPosMinX + lodBlockWidth, this.worldMaxY, lodBlockPosMinZ + lodBlockWidth);
 		
+		if (lodMax.x < this.boundsMin.x || lodMin.x > this.boundsMax.x) return false;
+		if (lodMax.z < this.boundsMin.z || lodMin.z > this.boundsMax.z) return false;
+		if (this.worldMaxY < this.boundsMin.y || this.worldMinY > this.boundsMax.y) return false;
+		
 		return this.frustum.testAab(lodMin, lodMax);
 	}
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/LodQuadTree.java

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 	 */
 	private final ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Long> sectionsToReload = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
 	private final IDhClientLevel level; //FIXME: Proper hierarchy to remove this reference!
+	private final ConfigChangeListener<EDhApiHorizontalQuality> horizontalScaleChangeListener;
 	private final ReentrantLock treeReadWriteLock = new ReentrantLock();
 	private final AtomicBoolean fullDataRetrievalQueueRunning = new AtomicBoolean(false);
 	
@@ -109,6 +110,8 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 		this.level = level;
 		this.fullDataSourceProvider = fullDataSourceProvider;
 		this.blockRenderDistanceDiameter = viewDiameterInBlocks;
+		
+		this.horizontalScaleChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener<>(Config.Client.Advanced.Graphics.Quality.horizontalQuality, (newHorizontalScale) -> this.onHorizontalQualityChange());
 	}
 	
 	
@@ -148,7 +151,7 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 			}
 			catch (Exception e)
 			{
-				LOGGER.error("Quad Tree tick exception for dimension: " + this.level.getLevelWrapper().getDimensionType().getDimensionName() + ", exception: " + e.getMessage(), e);
+				LOGGER.error("Quad Tree tick exception for dimension: " + this.level.getClientLevelWrapper().getDimensionType().getDimensionName() + ", exception: " + e.getMessage(), e);
 			}
 			finally
 			{
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 				try
 				{
 					LodRenderSection renderSection = this.getValue(pos);
-					if (renderSection != null && renderSection.getRenderingEnabled())
+					if (renderSection != null && renderSection.renderingEnabled)
 					{
 						renderSection.uploadRenderDataToGpuAsync();
 					}
@@ -290,13 +293,13 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 		//byte expectedDetailLevel = DhSectionPos.SECTION_MINIMUM_DETAIL_LEVEL + 3; // can be used instead of the following logic for testing
 		byte expectedDetailLevel = this.calculateExpectedDetailLevel(playerPos, sectionPos);
 		expectedDetailLevel = (byte) Math.min(expectedDetailLevel, this.minRenderDetailLevel);
-		expectedDetailLevel += DhSectionPos.SECTION_MINIMUM_DETAIL_LEVEL;
+		expectedDetailLevel += DhSectionPos.SECTION_BLOCK_DETAIL_LEVEL;
 		
 		
 		if (DhSectionPos.getDetailLevel(sectionPos) > expectedDetailLevel)
 		{
 			// section detail level too high //
-			boolean thisPosIsRendering = renderSection.getRenderingEnabled();
+			boolean thisPosIsRendering = renderSection.renderingEnabled;
 			boolean allChildrenSectionsAreLoaded = true;
 			
 			// recursively update all child render sections
@@ -314,8 +317,24 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 			}
 			else
 			{
+				if (renderSection.renderingEnabled
+					&& Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.DebugWireframe.showRenderSectionStatus.get())
+				{
+					// show that this position has just been disabled
+					DebugRenderer.makeParticle(
+						new DebugRenderer.BoxParticle(
+							new DebugRenderer.Box(renderSection.pos, 128f, 156f, 0.09f, Color.CYAN.darker()),
+							0.2, 32f
+						)
+					);
+				}
+				
 				// all child positions are loaded, disable this section and enable its children.
-				renderSection.setRenderingEnabled(false);
+				if (renderSection.renderingEnabled)
+				{
+					this.level.unloadBeaconBeamsInPos(renderSection.pos);
+				}
+				renderSection.renderingEnabled = false;
 				
 				// walk back down the tree and enable the child sections //TODO there are probably more efficient ways of doing this, but this will work for now
 				for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
@@ -366,14 +385,17 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 				if (!parentSectionIsRendering && renderSection.canRender())
 				{
 					// if rendering is already enabled we don't have to re-enable it
-					if (!renderSection.getRenderingEnabled())
+					if (!renderSection.renderingEnabled)
 					{
+						renderSection.renderingEnabled = true;
+						this.level.loadBeaconBeamsInPos(renderSection.pos);
+						
 						// delete/disable children, all of them will be a lower detail level than requested
 						quadNode.deleteAllChildren((childRenderSection) ->
 						{
 							if (childRenderSection != null)
 							{
-								if (childRenderSection.getRenderingEnabled())
+								if (childRenderSection.renderingEnabled)
 								{
 									// show that this position's rendering has been disabled due to a parent rendering
 									DebugRenderer.makeParticle(
@@ -384,12 +406,10 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 									);
 								}
 								
-								childRenderSection.setRenderingEnabled(false);
+								childRenderSection.renderingEnabled = false;
 								childRenderSection.close();
 							}
 						});
-						
-						renderSection.setRenderingEnabled(true);
 					}
 				}
 				
@@ -595,7 +615,7 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 	// config listeners //
 	//==================//
 	
-	private void onHorizontalQualityChange() { /*this.clearRenderDataCache();*/ }
+	private void onHorizontalQualityChange() { this.clearRenderDataCache(); }
 	
 	
 	//===========//
@@ -658,6 +678,8 @@ public class LodQuadTree extends QuadTree<LodRenderSection> implements IDebugRen
 	{
 		LOGGER.info("Shutting down " + LodQuadTree.class.getSimpleName() + "...");
 		
+		this.horizontalScaleChangeListener.close();
+		
 		DebugRenderer.unregister(this, Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.DebugWireframe.showQuadTreeRenderStatus);
 		
 		Iterator<QuadNode<LodRenderSection>> nodeIterator = this.nodeIterator();

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/LodRenderSection.java

@@ -23,21 +23,17 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.fullData.sources.FullDataSourceV2;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.ColumnRenderSource;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding.ColumnRenderBufferBuilder;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding.LodQuadBuilder;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.transformers.FullDataToRenderDataTransformer;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dependencyInjection.SingletonInjector;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.enums.EDhDirection;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.file.fullDatafile.FullDataSourceProviderV2;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.level.IDhClientLevel;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.logging.DhLoggerBuilder;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhBlockPos2D;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.pos.DhSectionPos;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.GLProxy;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.IDebugRenderable;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.dataObjects.render.bufferBuilding.ColumnRenderBuffer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.DebugRenderer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.util.threading.ThreadPoolUtil;
-import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.wrapperInterfaces.minecraft.IMinecraftClientWrapper;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongArrayList;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
@@ -58,7 +54,6 @@ import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 {
 	private static final Logger LOGGER = DhLoggerBuilder.getLogger();
-	private static final IMinecraftClientWrapper MC = SingletonInjector.INSTANCE.get(IMinecraftClientWrapper.class);
 	
 	
 	
@@ -70,7 +65,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 	private final LodQuadTree quadTree;
 	
 	
-	private boolean renderingEnabled = false;
+	public boolean renderingEnabled = false;
 	private boolean canRender = false;
 	
 	/** this reference is necessary so we can determine what VBO to render */
@@ -81,19 +76,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 	 * Encapsulates everything between pulling data from the database (including neighbors)
 	 * up to the point when geometry data is uploaded to the GPU.
 	 */
-	private CompletableFuture<Void> buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
+	private CompletableFuture<Void> uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-	/** 
-	 * Represents just building the {@link LodQuadBuilder}. <br>
-	 * Separate from {@link LodRenderSection#bufferUploadFuture} because they run on
-	 * different thread pools and need to be canceled separately.
-	 */
-	private CompletableFuture<LodQuadBuilder> bufferBuildFuture = null;
-	/** 
-	 * Represents just uploading the {@link LodQuadBuilder} to the GPU. <br>
-	 * Separate from {@link LodRenderSection#bufferBuildFuture} because they run on
-	 * different thread pools and need to be canceled separately.
-	 */
-	private CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderBuffer> bufferUploadFuture = null;
 	
 	private final ReentrantLock getRenderSourceLock = new ReentrantLock();
 	/** Stored as a class variable so we can reuse it's result across multiple LOD loads if necessary */
@@ -127,7 +110,6 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 	// render data loading/uploading //
 	//===============================//
 	
-	// TODO cleanup, there's a lot of nested futures and duplicate error handling here and it's hard to read
 	public synchronized void uploadRenderDataToGpuAsync()
 	{
 		if (!GLProxy.hasInstance())
@@ -137,7 +119,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			return;
 		}
 		
-		if (this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
+		if (this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
 		{
 			// don't accidentally queue multiple uploads at the same time
 			return;
@@ -151,7 +133,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			return;
 		}
 		
-		this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> 
+		this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> 
 		{
 			//==================//
 			// load render data //
@@ -159,15 +141,15 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			
 			this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(this.adjacentLoadRefFutures);
 			
-			ReferencedFutureWrapper thisRenderSourceLoadFuture = this.getRenderSourceAsync();
+			ReferencedFutureWrapper thisLoadFuture = this.getRenderSourceAsync();
-			ReferencedFutureWrapper[] adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures = this.getNeighborRenderSourcesAsync();
+			ReferencedFutureWrapper[] adjLoadRefFutures = this.getNeighborRenderSourcesAsync();
 			
 			
 			// wait for all futures to complete together,
 			// merging the futures makes loading significantly faster than loading this position then loading its neighbors
 			ArrayList<CompletableFuture<ColumnRenderSource>> futureList = new ArrayList<>();
-			futureList.add(thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.future);
+			futureList.add(thisLoadFuture.future);
-			for (ReferencedFutureWrapper refFuture : adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures)
+			for (ReferencedFutureWrapper refFuture : adjLoadRefFutures)
 			{
 				futureList.add(refFuture.future);
 			}
@@ -176,107 +158,72 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			{
 				try
 				{
-					ColumnRenderSource renderSource = thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.future.get();
+					ColumnRenderSource renderSource = thisLoadFuture.future.get();
 					if (renderSource == null || renderSource.isEmpty())
 					{
-						thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
+						thisLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
-						for (ReferencedFutureWrapper futureWrapper : adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures)
+						for (ReferencedFutureWrapper futureWrapper : adjLoadRefFutures)
 						{
 							futureWrapper.decrementRefCount();
 						}
 						
 						// nothing needs to be rendered
 						this.canRender = false;
-						this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
+						this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-						this.bufferBuildFuture = null;
 						return;
 					}
 					
 					
 					
-					//=======================//
+					//==============================//
-					// build new render data //
+					// build/upload new render data //
-					//=======================//
+					//==============================//
 					
 					try
 					{
 						ColumnRenderBuffer previousBuffer = this.renderBuffer;
 						
 						ColumnRenderSource[] adjacentRenderSections = new ColumnRenderSource[EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS.length];
-						boolean[] adjIsSameDetailLevel = new boolean[EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS.length];
 						for (int i = 0; i < EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS.length; i++)
 						{
-							adjacentRenderSections[i] = adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures[i].future.getNow(null);
+							adjacentRenderSections[i] = adjLoadRefFutures[i].future.getNow(null);
-							
-							// if the adjacent position isn't the same detail level the buffer building logic
-							// will need to be slightly different in order to reduce holes in the LODs
-							EDhDirection direction = EDhDirection.ADJ_DIRECTIONS[i];
-							adjIsSameDetailLevel[direction.ordinal() - 2] = this.isAdjacentPosSameDetailLevel(direction);
 						}
-						
+						ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.buildAndUploadBuffersAsync(this.level, renderSource, adjacentRenderSections).thenAccept((buffer) ->
-						if (this.bufferBuildFuture != null)
-						{
-							// shouldn't normally happen, but just in case canceling the previous future
-							// prevents the CPU from working on something that won't be used
-							this.bufferBuildFuture.cancel(true);
-						}
-						this.bufferBuildFuture = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.buildBuffersAsync(this.level, renderSource, adjacentRenderSections, adjIsSameDetailLevel);
-						this.bufferBuildFuture.thenAccept((lodQuadBuilder) ->
 						{
+							// upload complete, clean up the old data if 
+							this.renderBuffer = buffer;
+							this.canRender = true;
+							this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
 							
 							
-							
+							if (previousBuffer != null)
-							//===================================//
-							// upload new render data to the GPU //
-							//===================================//
-							
-							if (this.bufferUploadFuture != null)
 							{
-								// shouldn't normally happen, but just in case canceling the previous future
+								previousBuffer.close();
-								// prevents the CPU from working on something that won't be used
-								this.bufferUploadFuture.cancel(true);
 							}
-							this.bufferUploadFuture = ColumnRenderBufferBuilder.uploadBuffersAsync(this.level, renderSource, lodQuadBuilder);
+							
-							this.bufferUploadFuture.thenAccept((buffer) ->
+							thisLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
-							{
+							this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjLoadRefFutures);
-								// upload complete, clean up the old data if 
+							this.adjacentLoadRefFutures = null;
-								this.renderBuffer = buffer;
-								this.canRender = (buffer != null);
-								this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-								this.bufferBuildFuture = null;
-								
-								
-								if (previousBuffer != null)
-								{
-									previousBuffer.close();
-								}
-								
-								thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
-								this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures);
-								this.adjacentLoadRefFutures = null;
-							});
 						});
 					}
 					catch (Exception e)
 					{
-						thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
+						thisLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
-						this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures);
+						this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjLoadRefFutures);
 						this.adjacentLoadRefFutures = null;
 						
 						LOGGER.error("Unexpected error in LodRenderSection loading, Error: "+e.getMessage(), e);
-						this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
+						this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-						this.bufferBuildFuture = null;
 					}
 				}
 				catch (Exception e)
 				{
-					thisRenderSourceLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
+					thisLoadFuture.decrementRefCount();
-					this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjRenderSourceLoadRefFutures);
+					this.tryDecrementingLoadFutureArray(adjLoadRefFutures);
 					this.adjacentLoadRefFutures = null;
 					
 					LOGGER.error("Unexpected error in LodRenderSection loading, Error: "+e.getMessage(), e);
-					this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
+					this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-					this.bufferBuildFuture = null;
 				}
 			});
 		}, executor);
@@ -357,32 +304,6 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			this.getRenderSourceLock.unlock();
 		}
 	}
-	private boolean isAdjacentPosSameDetailLevel(EDhDirection direction)
-	{
-		long adjPos = DhSectionPos.getAdjacentPos(this.pos, direction);
-		byte detailLevel = this.quadTree.calculateExpectedDetailLevel(new DhBlockPos2D(MC.getPlayerBlockPos()), adjPos);
-		detailLevel += DhSectionPos.SECTION_MINIMUM_DETAIL_LEVEL;
-		boolean adjacentIsSameDetailLevel = (detailLevel == DhSectionPos.getDetailLevel(this.pos));
-		return adjacentIsSameDetailLevel;
-	}
-	
-	
-	/** 
-	 * Note: can cause issues with neighboring LOD sections 
-	 * if only some (vs all) futures are canceled.
-	 */
-	public void cancelGpuUpload()
-	{
-		CompletableFuture<Void> future = this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture;
-		this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture = null;
-		this.bufferBuildFuture = null;
-		if (future != null)
-		{
-			// interrupting the future speeds things up, but also causes
-			// some LODs to never load in properly
-			future.cancel(false);
-		}
-	}
 	
 	
 	
@@ -392,39 +313,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 	
 	public boolean canRender() { return this.canRender; }
 	
-	public boolean getRenderingEnabled() { return this.renderingEnabled; }
+	public boolean gpuUploadInProgress() { return this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null; }
-	public void setRenderingEnabled(boolean enabled) 
-	{
-		// some logic should only be run when enabling/disabling
-		// a section for the first time
-		boolean stateChanged = (this.renderingEnabled != enabled);
-		if (stateChanged)
-		{
-			if (enabled)
-			{
-				this.level.loadBeaconBeamsInPos(this.pos);
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				this.level.unloadBeaconBeamsInPos(this.pos);
-				
-				if (Config.Client.Advanced.Debugging.DebugWireframe.showRenderSectionStatus.get())
-				{
-					// show that this position has just been disabled
-					DebugRenderer.makeParticle(
-							new DebugRenderer.BoxParticle(
-									new DebugRenderer.Box(this.pos, 128f, 156f, 0.09f, Color.CYAN.darker()),
-									0.2, 32f
-							)
-					);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		
-		this.renderingEnabled = enabled;
-	}
-	
-	public boolean gpuUploadInProgress() { return this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null; }
 	
 	
 	
@@ -534,18 +423,9 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 			this.renderBuffer.close();
 		}
 		
-		// cancel all in-progress futures since they aren't needed any more
+		if (this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
-		if (this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
 		{
-			this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture.cancel(true);
+			this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture.cancel(true);
-		}
-		if (this.bufferBuildFuture != null)
-		{
-			this.bufferBuildFuture.cancel(true);
-		}
-		if (this.bufferUploadFuture != null)
-		{
-			this.bufferUploadFuture.cancel(true);
 		}
 		
 		// this render section won't be rendering, we don't need to load any data for it
@@ -580,7 +460,7 @@ public class LodRenderSection implements IDebugRenderable, AutoCloseable
 		{
 			color = Color.green;
 		}
-		else if (this.buildAndUploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
+		else if (this.uploadRenderDataToGpuFuture != null)
 		{
 			color = Color.yellow;
 		}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/RenderBufferHandler.java

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ public class RenderBufferHandler implements AutoCloseable
 				}
 				
 				ColumnRenderBuffer buffer = renderSection.renderBuffer;
-				if (buffer == null || !renderSection.getRenderingEnabled())
+				if (buffer == null || !renderSection.renderingEnabled)
 				{
 					continue;
 				}

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/fog/LodFogConfig.java

@@ -179,15 +179,19 @@ public class LodFogConfig
 		
 		if (farFogSetting == null)
 		{
-			str.append("\n" +
+			str.append("""
-					"float getFarFogThickness(float dist) { return 0.0; } \n" +
+					
-					"float getHeightFogThickness(float dist) { return 0.0; } \n" +
+					float getFarFogThickness(float dist) { return 0.0; }
-					"float calculateFarFogDepth(float horizontal, float dist, float uNearFogStart) { return 0.0; } \n" +
+					float getHeightFogThickness(float dist) { return 0.0; }
-					"float calculateHeightFogDepth(float vertical, float realY) { return 0.0; } \n" +
+					float calculateFarFogDepth(float horizontal, float dist, float uNearFogStart) { return 0.0; }
-					"float mixFogThickness(float near, float far, float height) \n" +
+					float calculateHeightFogDepth(float vertical, float realY) { return 0.0; }
-					"{ \n" +
+					float mixFogThickness(float near, float far, float height)
-					"    return 0.0; \n" +
+					{
-					"} \n\n");
+					    return 0.0;
+					}
+					
+					
+					""");
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -269,18 +273,13 @@ public class LodFogConfig
 	
 	private static String getFarFogMethod(EDhApiFogFalloff fogType)
 	{
-		switch (fogType)
+		return switch (fogType)
 		{
-			case LINEAR:
+			case LINEAR -> "return linearFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange);\n";
-				return "return linearFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange);\n";
+			case EXPONENTIAL -> "return exponentialFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange, farFogDensity);\n";
-			case EXPONENTIAL:
+			case EXPONENTIAL_SQUARED -> "return exponentialSquaredFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange, farFogDensity);\n";
-				return "return exponentialFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange, farFogDensity);\n";
+			default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("FogType [" + fogType + "] not implemented for [getFarFogMethod].");
-			case EXPONENTIAL_SQUARED:
+		};
-				return "return exponentialSquaredFog(dist, farFogStart, farFogLength, farFogMin, farFogRange, farFogDensity);\n";
-			
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("FogType [" + fogType + "] not implemented for [getFarFogMethod].");
-		}
 	}
 	
 	private static String getHeightDepthMethod(EDhApiHeightFogMode heightMode, float heightFogHeight)
@@ -317,18 +316,13 @@ public class LodFogConfig
 	 */
 	private static String getHeightFogMethod(EDhApiFogFalloff fogType)
 	{
-		switch (fogType)
+		return switch (fogType)
 		{
-			case LINEAR:
+			case LINEAR -> "	return linearFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange);\n";
-				return "	return linearFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange);\n";
+			case EXPONENTIAL -> "	return exponentialFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange, heightFogDensity);\n";
-			case EXPONENTIAL:
+			case EXPONENTIAL_SQUARED -> "	return exponentialSquaredFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange, heightFogDensity);\n";
-				return "	return exponentialFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange, heightFogDensity);\n";
+			default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("FogType [" + fogType + "] not implemented for [getHeightFogMethod].");
-			case EXPONENTIAL_SQUARED:
+		};
-				return "	return exponentialSquaredFog(dist, heightFogStart, heightFogLength, heightFogMin, heightFogRange, heightFogDensity);\n";
-			
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("FogType [" + fogType + "] not implemented for [getHeightFogMethod].");
-		}
 	}
 	
 	/**

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/GLEnums.java

@@ -27,213 +27,109 @@ public class GLEnums
 	
 	public static String getString(int glEnum)
 	{
-		// blend stuff
+		return switch (glEnum)
-		switch (glEnum)
 		{
-			case GL_ZERO:
+			// Zero
-				return "GL_ZERO";
+			case GL_ZERO -> "GL_ZERO";
-			case GL_ONE:
+			
-				return "GL_ONE";
+			// blend stuff
-			case GL_SRC_COLOR:
+			case GL_ONE -> "GL_ONE";
-				return "GL_SRC_COLOR";
+			case GL_SRC_COLOR -> "GL_SRC_COLOR";
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR";
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR";
+			case GL_DST_COLOR -> "GL_DST_COLOR";
-			case GL_DST_COLOR:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR";
-				return "GL_DST_COLOR";
+			case GL_SRC_ALPHA -> "GL_SRC_ALPHA";
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA";
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_COLOR";
+			case GL_DST_ALPHA -> "GL_DST_ALPHA";
-			case GL_SRC_ALPHA:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA";
-				return "GL_SRC_ALPHA";
+			case GL_CONSTANT_COLOR -> "GL_CONSTANT_COLOR";
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR";
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA";
+			case GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA -> "GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA";
-			case GL_DST_ALPHA:
+			case GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA -> "GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA";
-				return "GL_DST_ALPHA";
+			
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA:
+			// shader stuff
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA";
+			case GL_VERTEX_SHADER -> "GL_VERTEX_SHADER";
-			case GL_CONSTANT_COLOR:
+			case GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER -> "GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER";
-				return "GL_CONSTANT_COLOR";
+			case GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER -> "GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER";
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR:
+			
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR";
+			// stencil stuff
-			case GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA:
+			case GL_KEEP -> "GL_KEEP";
-				return "GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA";
+			case GL_REPLACE -> "GL_REPLACE";
-			case GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA:
+			case GL_INCR -> "GL_INCR";
-				return "GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA";
+			case GL_DECR -> "GL_DECR";
-			default:
+			case GL_INVERT -> "GL_INVERT";
-		}
+			case GL_INCR_WRAP -> "GL_INCR_WRAP";
-		
+			case GL_DECR_WRAP -> "GL_DECR_WRAP";
-		// shader stuff
+			
-		switch (glEnum)
+			// depth stuff
-		{
+			case GL_NEVER -> "GL_NEVER";
-			case GL_VERTEX_SHADER:
+			case GL_LESS -> "GL_LESS";
-				return "GL_VERTEX_SHADER";
+			case GL_EQUAL -> "GL_EQUAL";
-			case GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER:
+			case GL_LEQUAL -> "GL_LEQUAL";
-				return "GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER";
+			case GL_GREATER -> "GL_GREATER";
-			case GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER:
+			case GL_NOTEQUAL -> "GL_NOTEQUAL";
-				return "GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER";
+			case GL_GEQUAL -> "GL_GEQUAL";
-			default:
+			case GL_ALWAYS -> "GL_ALWAYS";
-		}
+			
-		
+			// Texture binding points
-		// stencil stuff
+			case GL_TEXTURE0 -> "GL_TEXTURE0";
-		switch (glEnum)
+			case GL_TEXTURE1 -> "GL_TEXTURE1";
-		{
+			case GL_TEXTURE2 -> "GL_TEXTURE2";
-			case GL_KEEP:
+			case GL_TEXTURE3 -> "GL_TEXTURE3";
-				return "GL_KEEP";
+			case GL_TEXTURE4 -> "GL_TEXTURE4";
-			case GL_ZERO:
+			case GL_TEXTURE5 -> "GL_TEXTURE5";
-				return "GL_ZERO";
+			case GL_TEXTURE6 -> "GL_TEXTURE6";
-			case GL_REPLACE:
+			case GL_TEXTURE7 -> "GL_TEXTURE7";
-				return "GL_REPLACE";
+			case GL_TEXTURE8 -> "GL_TEXTURE8";
-			case GL_INCR:
+			case GL_TEXTURE9 -> "GL_TEXTURE9";
-				return "GL_INCR";
+			case GL_TEXTURE10 -> "GL_TEXTURE10";
-			case GL_DECR:
+			case GL_TEXTURE11 -> "GL_TEXTURE11";
-				return "GL_DECR";
+			case GL_TEXTURE12 -> "GL_TEXTURE12";
-			case GL_INVERT:
+			case GL_TEXTURE13 -> "GL_TEXTURE13";
-				return "GL_INVERT";
+			case GL_TEXTURE14 -> "GL_TEXTURE14";
-			case GL_INCR_WRAP:
+			case GL_TEXTURE15 -> "GL_TEXTURE15";
-				return "GL_INCR_WRAP";
+			case GL_TEXTURE16 -> "GL_TEXTURE16";
-			case GL_DECR_WRAP:
+			case GL_TEXTURE17 -> "GL_TEXTURE17";
-				return "GL_DECR_WRAP";
+			case GL_TEXTURE18 -> "GL_TEXTURE18";
-			default:
+			case GL_TEXTURE19 -> "GL_TEXTURE19";
-		}
+			case GL_TEXTURE20 -> "GL_TEXTURE20";
-		
+			case GL_TEXTURE21 -> "GL_TEXTURE21";
-		// depth stuff
+			case GL_TEXTURE22 -> "GL_TEXTURE22";
-		switch (glEnum)
+			case GL_TEXTURE23 -> "GL_TEXTURE23";
-		{
+			case GL_TEXTURE24 -> "GL_TEXTURE24";
-			case GL_NEVER:
+			case GL_TEXTURE25 -> "GL_TEXTURE25";
-				return "GL_NEVER";
+			case GL_TEXTURE26 -> "GL_TEXTURE26";
-			case GL_LESS:
+			case GL_TEXTURE27 -> "GL_TEXTURE27";
-				return "GL_LESS";
+			case GL_TEXTURE28 -> "GL_TEXTURE28";
-			case GL_EQUAL:
+			case GL_TEXTURE29 -> "GL_TEXTURE29";
-				return "GL_EQUAL";
+			case GL_TEXTURE30 -> "GL_TEXTURE30";
-			case GL_LEQUAL:
+			case GL_TEXTURE31 -> "GL_TEXTURE31";
-				return "GL_LEQUAL";
+			
-			case GL_GREATER:
+			
-				return "GL_GREATER";
+			// Polygon modes
-			case GL_NOTEQUAL:
+			case GL_POINT -> "GL_POINT";
-				return "GL_NOTEQUAL";
+			case GL_LINE -> "GL_LINE";
-			case GL_GEQUAL:
+			case GL_FILL -> "GL_FILL";
-				return "GL_GEQUAL";
+			
-			case GL_ALWAYS:
+			// Culling modes
-				return "GL_ALWAYS";
+			case GL_FRONT -> "GL_FRONT";
-			default:
+			case GL_BACK -> "GL_BACK";
-		}
+			case GL_FRONT_AND_BACK -> "GL_FRONT_AND_BACK";
-		
+			default -> "GL_UNKNOWN(" + glEnum + ")";
-		// Texture binding points
+		};
-		switch (glEnum)
-		{
-			case GL_TEXTURE0:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE0";
-			case GL_TEXTURE1:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE1";
-			case GL_TEXTURE2:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE2";
-			case GL_TEXTURE3:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE3";
-			case GL_TEXTURE4:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE4";
-			case GL_TEXTURE5:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE5";
-			case GL_TEXTURE6:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE6";
-			case GL_TEXTURE7:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE7";
-			case GL_TEXTURE8:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE8";
-			case GL_TEXTURE9:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE9";
-			case GL_TEXTURE10:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE10";
-			case GL_TEXTURE11:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE11";
-			case GL_TEXTURE12:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE12";
-			case GL_TEXTURE13:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE13";
-			case GL_TEXTURE14:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE14";
-			case GL_TEXTURE15:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE15";
-			case GL_TEXTURE16:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE16";
-			case GL_TEXTURE17:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE17";
-			case GL_TEXTURE18:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE18";
-			case GL_TEXTURE19:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE19";
-			case GL_TEXTURE20:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE20";
-			case GL_TEXTURE21:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE21";
-			case GL_TEXTURE22:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE22";
-			case GL_TEXTURE23:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE23";
-			case GL_TEXTURE24:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE24";
-			case GL_TEXTURE25:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE25";
-			case GL_TEXTURE26:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE26";
-			case GL_TEXTURE27:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE27";
-			case GL_TEXTURE28:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE28";
-			case GL_TEXTURE29:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE29";
-			case GL_TEXTURE30:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE30";
-			case GL_TEXTURE31:
-				return "GL_TEXTURE31";
-			default:
-		}
-		
-		// Polygon modes
-		switch (glEnum)
-		{
-			case GL_POINT:
-				return "GL_POINT";
-			case GL_LINE:
-				return "GL_LINE";
-			case GL_FILL:
-				return "GL_FILL";
-			default:
-		}
-		
-		// Culling modes
-		switch (glEnum)
-		{
-			case GL_FRONT:
-				return "GL_FRONT";
-			case GL_BACK:
-				return "GL_BACK";
-			case GL_FRONT_AND_BACK:
-				return "GL_FRONT_AND_BACK";
-			default:
-		}
-		
-		return "GL_UNKNOWN(" + glEnum + ")";
 	}
 	
 	public static int getTypeSize(int glTypeEnum)
 	{
-		switch (glTypeEnum)
+		return switch (glTypeEnum)
 		{
-			case GL_BYTE:
+			case GL_BYTE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE -> 1;
-			case GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE:
+			case GL_SHORT, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT -> 2;
-				return 1;
+			case GL_INT, GL_UNSIGNED_INT -> 4;
-			case GL_SHORT:
+			case GL_FLOAT -> 4;
-			case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT:
+			case GL_DOUBLE -> 8;
-				return 2;
+			default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown type enum: " + getString(glTypeEnum));
-			case GL_INT:
+		};
-			case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:
-				return 4;
-			case GL_FLOAT:
-				return 4;
-			case GL_DOUBLE:
-				return 8;
-			default:
-				throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown type enum: " + getString(glTypeEnum));
-		}
 	}
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/GLProxy.java

@@ -193,7 +193,17 @@ public class GLProxy
 		return instance;
 	}
 	
-	public EDhApiGpuUploadMethod getGpuUploadMethod() { return this.preferredUploadMethod; }
+	public EDhApiGpuUploadMethod getGpuUploadMethod()
+	{
+		EDhApiGpuUploadMethod method = Config.Client.Advanced.GpuBuffers.gpuUploadMethod.get();
+		if (!this.bufferStorageSupported && method == EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.BUFFER_STORAGE)
+		{
+			// if buffer storage isn't supported
+			// default to DATA since that is the most compatible
+			method = EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.DATA;
+		}
+		return method == EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.AUTO ? this.preferredUploadMethod : method;
+	}
 	
 	public boolean runningOnRenderThread()
 	{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/buffer/GLBuffer.java

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class GLBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 	// constructors //
 	//==============//
 	
-	static { CLEANUP_THREAD.execute(() -> runPhantomReferenceCleanupLoop()); }
+	static { CLEANUP_THREAD.execute(GLBuffer::runPhantomReferenceCleanupLoop); }
 	
 	public GLBuffer(boolean isBufferStorage) { this.create(isBufferStorage); }
 	
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ public class GLBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 	// buffer mapping //
 	//================//
 	
-	public ByteBuffer mapBuffer(int targetSize, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod uploadMethod, int maxExpansionSize, int bufferHint, int mapFlags)
+	public ByteBuffer mapBuffer(int targetSize, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod uploadMethod, int maxExpensionSize, int bufferHint, int mapFlags)
 	{
 		LodUtil.assertTrue(targetSize != 0, "MapBuffer targetSize is 0");
 		LodUtil.assertTrue(uploadMethod.useEarlyMapping, "Upload method must be one that use early mappings in order to call mapBuffer");
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public class GLBuffer implements AutoCloseable
 		if (this.size < targetSize || this.size > targetSize * BUFFER_SHRINK_TRIGGER)
 		{
 			int newSize = (int) (targetSize * BUFFER_EXPANSION_MULTIPLIER);
-			if (newSize > maxExpansionSize) newSize = maxExpansionSize;
+			if (newSize > maxExpensionSize) newSize = maxExpensionSize;
 			this.size = newSize;
 			if (this.bufferStorage)
 			{

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/buffer/GLVertexBuffer.java

@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ public class GLVertexBuffer extends GLBuffer
 		this.vertexCount = vertCount;
 	}
 	
-	public ByteBuffer mapBuffer(int targetSize, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod uploadMethod, int maxExpansionSize)
+	public ByteBuffer mapBuffer(int targetSize, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod uploadMethod, int maxExpensionSize)
 	{
-		return super.mapBuffer(targetSize, uploadMethod, maxExpansionSize,
+		return super.mapBuffer(targetSize, uploadMethod, maxExpensionSize,
 				uploadMethod.useBufferStorage ? GL32.GL_MAP_WRITE_BIT :
 						uploadMethod.useEarlyMapping ? GL32.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW : GL32.GL_STATIC_DRAW,
 				GL32.GL_MAP_WRITE_BIT | GL32.GL_MAP_UNSYNCHRONIZED_BIT | GL32.GL_MAP_INVALIDATE_BUFFER_BIT);

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/buffer/QuadElementBuffer.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.GLEnums;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.GLProxy;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL32;
-import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
 import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ public class QuadElementBuffer extends GLElementBuffer
 		LOGGER.info("Quad IBO Resizing from [" + getCapacity() + "] to [" + quadCount + "]" + " with type: " +
 				GLEnums.getString(type));
 		
-		ByteBuffer buffer = MemoryUtil.memAlloc(indicesCount * GLEnums.getTypeSize(type));
+		ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indicesCount * GLEnums.getTypeSize(type)).order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
 		buildBuffer(quadCount, buffer, type);
 		if (!gl.bufferStorageSupported)
 		{
@@ -170,8 +169,6 @@ public class QuadElementBuffer extends GLElementBuffer
 			super.uploadBuffer(buffer, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.BUFFER_STORAGE,
 					indicesCount * GLEnums.getTypeSize(type), 0);
 		}
-		
-		MemoryUtil.memFree(buffer);
 	}
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/glObject/texture/EDhDepthBufferFormat.java

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30C;
 import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL43C;
 
+import java.util.Objects;
+
 public enum EDhDepthBufferFormat
 {
 	DEPTH(false),
@@ -26,88 +28,56 @@ public enum EDhDepthBufferFormat
 	@Nullable
 	public static EDhDepthBufferFormat fromGlEnum(int glenum)
 	{
-		switch (glenum)
+		return switch (glenum)
 		{
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT:
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH;
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH;
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16 -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH16;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16:
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24 -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH24;
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH16;
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32 -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24:
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32F;
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH24;
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH_STENCIL;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32:
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8 -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH24_STENCIL8;
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32;
+			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH32F_STENCIL8 -> EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32F_STENCIL8;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F:
+			default -> null;
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32F;
+		};
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL:
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH_STENCIL;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8:
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH24_STENCIL8;
-			case GL30C.GL_DEPTH32F_STENCIL8:
-				return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH32F_STENCIL8;
-			default:
-				return null;
-		}
 	}
 	
 	public static EDhDepthBufferFormat fromGlEnumOrDefault(int glenum)
 	{
 		EDhDepthBufferFormat format = fromGlEnum(glenum);
-		if (format == null)
+		// yolo, just assume it's GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT
-		{
+		return Objects.requireNonNullElse(format, EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH);
-			// yolo, just assume it's GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT
-			return EDhDepthBufferFormat.DEPTH;
-		}
-		return format;
 	}
 	
 	public int getGlInternalFormat()
 	{
-		switch (this)
+		return switch (this)
 		{
-			case DEPTH:
+			case DEPTH -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT;
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT;
+			case DEPTH16 -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16;
-			case DEPTH16:
+			case DEPTH24 -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24;
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16;
+			case DEPTH32 -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32;
-			case DEPTH24:
+			case DEPTH32F -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F;
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24;
+			case DEPTH_STENCIL -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL;
-			case DEPTH32:
+			case DEPTH24_STENCIL8 -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8;
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32;
+			case DEPTH32F_STENCIL8 -> GL30C.GL_DEPTH32F_STENCIL8;
-			case DEPTH32F:
+		};
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F;
-			case DEPTH_STENCIL:
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL;
-			case DEPTH24_STENCIL8:
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8;
-			case DEPTH32F_STENCIL8:
-				return GL30C.GL_DEPTH32F_STENCIL8;
-		}
 		
-		throw new AssertionError("unreachable");
 	}
 	
 	public int getGlType() { return isCombinedStencil() ? GL30C.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL : GL30C.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT; }
 	
 	public int getGlFormat()
 	{
-		switch (this)
+        return switch (this) {
-		{
+            case DEPTH, DEPTH16 -> GL43C.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT;
-			case DEPTH:
+            case DEPTH24, DEPTH32 -> GL43C.GL_UNSIGNED_INT;
-			case DEPTH16:
+            case DEPTH32F -> GL30C.GL_FLOAT;
-				return GL43C.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT;
+            case DEPTH_STENCIL, DEPTH24_STENCIL8 -> GL30C.GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8;
-			case DEPTH24:
+            case DEPTH32F_STENCIL8 -> GL30C.GL_FLOAT_32_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_REV;
-			case DEPTH32:
+        };
-				return GL43C.GL_UNSIGNED_INT;
+
-			case DEPTH32F:
+    }
-				return GL30C.GL_FLOAT;
-			case DEPTH_STENCIL:
-			case DEPTH24_STENCIL8:
-				return GL30C.GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8;
-			case DEPTH32F_STENCIL8:
-				return GL30C.GL_FLOAT_32_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_REV;
-		}
-		
-		throw new AssertionError("unreachable");
-	}
 	
 	public boolean isCombinedStencil() { return combinedStencil; }
 	

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/renderer/ScreenQuad.java

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.buffer.GLVertexBuffer;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.vertexAttribute.AbstractVertexAttribute;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.glObject.vertexAttribute.VertexPointer;
 import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL32;
-import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.ByteOrder;
@@ -87,14 +86,14 @@ public class ScreenQuad
 	
 	private void createBuffer()
 	{
-		ByteBuffer buffer = MemoryUtil.memAlloc(box_vertices.length * Float.BYTES);
+		ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(box_vertices.length * Float.BYTES);
+		buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
 		buffer.asFloatBuffer().put(box_vertices);
 		buffer.rewind();
 		
 		this.boxBuffer = new GLVertexBuffer(false);
 		this.boxBuffer.bind();
 		this.boxBuffer.uploadBuffer(buffer, box_vertices.length, EDhApiGpuUploadMethod.DATA, box_vertices.length * Float.BYTES);
-		MemoryUtil.memFree(buffer);
 	}
 	
 }

core/src/main/java/com/seibel/distanthorizons/core/render/renderer/generic/BeaconRenderHandler.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ package com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.render.renderer.generic;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.enums.rendering.EDhApiBlockMaterial;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.interfaces.render.IDhApiRenderableBoxGroup;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.math.DhApiVec3d;
+import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.math.DhApiVec3f;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.render.DhApiRenderableBox;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.api.objects.render.DhApiRenderableBoxGroupShading;
 import com.seibel.distanthorizons.core.config.Config;
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
 public class BeaconRenderHandler
 {
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ public class BeaconRenderHandler
 	private final BeaconBeamRepo beaconBeamRepo;
 	
 	private final IDhApiRenderableBoxGroup beaconBoxGroup;
-	private final HashSet<DhBlockPos> beaconBlockPosSet = new HashSet<>();
+	private final HashMap<DhBlockPos, AtomicInteger> beaconRefCountByBlockPos = new HashMap<>();
 	
 	
 	
@@ -94,8 +96,8 @@ public class BeaconRenderHandler
 			for (int i = 0; i < newBeamList.size(); i++)
 			{
 				BeaconBeamDTO beam = newBeamList.get(i);
-				newBeamByPos.put(beam.blockPos, beam);
+				newBeamByPos.put(beam.pos, beam);
-				allPosSet.add(beam.blockPos);
+				allPosSet.add(beam.pos);
 			}
 			
 			// get existing beams
@@ -104,8 +106,8 @@ public class BeaconRenderHandler
 			for (int i = 0; i < existingBeamList.size(); i++)
 			{
 				BeaconBeamDTO beam = existingBeamList.get(i);
-				existingBeamByPos.put(beam.blockPos, beam);
+				existingBeamByPos.put(beam.pos, beam);
-				allPosSet.add(beam.blockPos);
+				allPosSet.add(beam.pos);
 			}
 			
 			
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ public class BeaconRenderHandler
 		for (int i = 0; i < existingBeamList.size(); i++)
 		{
 			BeaconBeamDTO beam = existingBeamList.get(i);
-			this.stopRenderingBeaconAtPos(beam.blockPos);
+			this.stopRenderingBeaconAtPos(beam.pos);
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -178,37 +180,50 @@ public class BeaconRenderHandler
 	
 	private void startRenderingBeacon(BeaconBeamDTO beacon)
 	{
-		if (this.beaconBlockPosSet.add(beacon.blockPos))
+		this.beaconRefCountByBlockPos.compute(beacon.pos, (beamPos, beaconRefCount) ->
 		{
-			DhApiRenderableBox beaconBox = new DhApiRenderableBox(
+			if (beaconRefCount == null) { beaconRefCount = new AtomicInteger(); }
-					new DhApiVec3d(beacon.blockPos.x, beacon.blockPos.y+1, beacon.blockPos.z),
+			if (beaconRefCount.getAndIncrement() == 0)
-					new DhApiVec3d(beacon.blockPos.x+1, BEAM_TOP_Y, beacon.blockPos.z+1),
+			{
-					beacon.color,
+				DhApiRenderableBox beaconBox = new DhApiRenderableBox(
-					EDhApiBlockMaterial.ILLUMINATED
+						new DhApiVec3d(beacon.pos.x, beacon.pos.y+1, beacon.pos.z),
-			);
+						new DhApiVec3d(beacon.pos.x+1, BEAM_TOP_Y, beacon.pos.z+1),
-			
+						beacon.color,
-			this.beaconBoxGroup.add(beaconBox);
+						EDhApiBlockMaterial.ILLUMINATED
-			this.beaconBoxGroup.triggerBoxChange();
+				);
-		}
+				
+				this.beaconBoxGroup.add(beaconBox);
+				this.beaconBoxGroup.triggerBoxChange();
+			}
+			return beaconRefCount;
+		});
 	}
 	
 	private void stopRenderingBeaconAtPos(DhBlockPos beaconPos)
 	{
-		if (this.beaconBlockPosSet.remove(beaconPos))
+		this.beaconRefCountByBlockPos.compute(beaconPos, (pos, beaconRefCount) ->
 		{
-			this.beaconBoxGroup.removeIf((box) ->
+			if (beaconRefCount != null
+					&& beaconRefCount.decrementAndGet() <= 0)
 			{
-				return box.minPos.x == beaconPos.x
+				this.beaconBoxGroup.removeIf((box) ->
-						&& box.minPos.y == beaconPos.y+1 // plus 1 because the beam starts above the beacon
+						box.minPos.x == beaconPos.x
-						&& box.minPos.z == beaconPos.z;
+								&& box.minPos.y == beaconPos.y+1 // plus 1 because the beam starts above the beacon
-			});
+								&& box.minPos.z == beaconPos.z
-			this.beaconBoxGroup.triggerBoxChange();
+				);
-		}
+				this.beaconBoxGroup.triggerBoxChange();
+				return null;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				return beaconRefCount;
+			}
+		});
 	}
 	
 	private void updateBeaconColor(BeaconBeamDTO newBeam)
 	{
-		DhBlockPos pos = newBeam.blockPos;
+		DhBlockPos pos = newBeam.pos;
 		for (int i = 0; i < this.beaconBoxGroup.size(); i++)
 		{
 			DhApiRenderableBox box = this.beaconBoxGroup.get(i);